بررسی معیارهای خطر تاثیرگذار بر سلامتی مدیران یک واحد دانشگاهی بر اساس مدل Holistic Wellness
الموضوعات :مرتضی قاسمی 1 , فاطمه علیان فینی 2
1 - استادیار گروه پرستاری، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اراک، ایران
2 - مربی گروه بهداشت، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اراک، ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: سلامت روانی و فیزیکی, مدل Holistic Wellness, معیارهای خطر سلامتی,
ملخص المقالة :
مقدمه: سازمان بهداشت جهانی سلامت را بعنوان "سلامت کامل جسمی، ذهنی و اجتماعی، و نه صرفا غیاب بیماری" تعریف می‌کند. توجه به عواطف مثبت و رضایت‌مندی از زندگی و رفاه اجتماعی و توجه به ابعاد فیزیکی، عاطفی، معنوی و اجتماعی مقوله‌ای است که در کشور ما کمتر به آن پرداخته شده است و در صورت توجه به این مقوله افزایش سطح راندمان کاری، بهبود عملکرد، رضایت شغلی افراد را بدنبال خواهد داشت. روش پژوهش: در این مطالعه تحلیلی کاربردی، جهت سنجش میزان سلامت و تعیین عوامل خطر تاثیرگذار برآن، کلیه مدیران دانشگاهی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی‌شهرستان اراک پرسشنامه سلامت روانی و فیزیکی براساس مدل Holistic Wellness شامل شش حیطه سلامت فیزیکی، اجتماعی، عاطفی، فکری، حرفه‌ای و معنوی را تکمیل نموده‌اند. یافته‌ها: در این مطالعه تحلیلی 83 نفر شرکت نمودند که میانگین بالاترین میزان سلامت در حیطه سلامت معنوی 1/4 و پایین‌ترین آن در حیطه سلامت فیزیکی 4/3 بود. عوامل سمت شغلی، میزان سلامت فیزیکی، میزان خواب شبانه، بیماری‌های حمله قلبی، کلسترول خون بالا، فشار خون ودیابت به عنوان عوامل خطر شناسایی شد (با میانگین زیر 3). نتیجه‌گیری: در نتیجه این پژوهش، بیماری‌های حمله قلبی، کلسترول خون بالا، فشار خون ودیابت بالاترین تاثیر را در میزان سلامت افراد ایجاد نمودند.
1- Houlton S. WHO identifies Top Ten Health Risks. Pharmaceutical Executive, February 30. [On line] Available from: http://web22.epnet:pnetcom/citation.asp? [Accessed: 2005-10-12].
2- Petersen P.E & Kwan S. Evaluation of community-based oral health promotion and oral disease prevention - WHO recommendations for improved evidence in public health practice. Community Dental Health, 2004; 21: 319-329.
3- Watson D & Clark L.A. Extroversion and its positive emotional core, 1997. In: Hogan R, Johnson J & Briggs S. (eds.) Handbook of personality psychology. SanDiego: Academic Press. De Boer AG, Wijker W, Speelman JD, de Haes JC. Quality of life in patients with Parkinson's disease: Development of a questionnaire. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 1996; 61: 70-74.
4- Pilgrim D. Some reflections on 'quality' and 'mental health. Journal of Mental Health. Journal of health, 1997; 6(6): 567-576.
5- López S.P, Peón M.M & Ordás C.J.V. Human Resource Managements a Determining Factor in Organizational Learning. Management Learning, 2006; 37(2): 215-239.
6- Keyes Corey L.M & Shapiro Adam. Social well-being in the United States: A Descriptive Epidemiology, 2006.
7- Keys C.L.M. Social Well-Being. Social Psychology Quarterly, 1998; 61(2): 121- 140.
8- Ruhling R.O. Why not exercise? Quest, 2004; 56: 208-225.
9- Hattingh S.P. Environmental health. In: Acutt J. & Hattingh, S.P. Occupational Health: Management and practice for health practitioners. Lansdowne: Juta & Co, Ltd. 2006.
10- Vemuri A.W & Costanza R. The role of human, social, built, and natural capital in explaining life satisfaction at the country levels: Toward a National Well-Being Index (NWI). Ecological Economics, 2006; 58:119-133.
11- Helliwell J.F & Putman R.D. The social context of well-being. The Royal Society, 2004; 359: 1435-1446.
12- Kaplan N.M & Opie L.H. Controversies in hypertension. Lancet,2006; 367: 168-176.
13- Butters J.E, Smart R.G, Mann R.E & Asbridge M. 2005. Illicit drug use, alcohol use and problem drinking among infrequent and frequent road ragers. Drug and Alcohol Dependance, 2006; 80: 169-175.
14- Joshanloo M, Rostami R, Nosratabadi M. Examining the factor structure of the Keyes comprehensive scale of well-being . Journal of Iranian Psychologists, 2003; 3(9): 35-51.
15- Petrus A, Botha, Hein Brand. Development of a holistic wellness model for managers in tertiary institutions. SAJHRM, 2009; 7(1): 9.
16- Verhoeven W M A, Tuinier S, Curfs L M G. Prader-Willi syndrome: the psychopathological phenotype in uniparentaldisomy. J Med Genet, 2003; 40: 112
17- Barzan H, Paknajad A, haghdost A. Factors affecting women's mental health. Journal of Student Research Committee, University of Guilan, 2012; 11:23-24.
18- Carol A. The Stress of Managerial and Professional Women: Is the Price High? Journal of Too18-Beatty Organizational Behavior, 1996; 17(3): 233-251.
19- Abdi masooleh F, Kaviani H, Haghanizade M, Momeni Araghi A. The relationship between burnout and mental health among nurses. Tehran University Medical Journal, 2007; 65(6): 65-75.
20- Khosravi Z, Khaghanifard M. Factors associated with mental health of women working in the fields of management, expertise, and non-government service centers in Tehran. Social Studies of women J, 2007; 13: 27-44.
21- Jacqueline Marie. Role Perceptions of School Mental Health. Agresta Overlapping Functions. Dissertation Abstracts International Personnel: The Sciences and Engineering, 2002; 63(5): 199-208.
22- Boyd D.G, Bee H.L. Life span development. Boston MA: Allyn and Bacon, 2012.
23- Moody H.R, Sasser J.R. Aging: Concepts and controversies. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 2011.
24- Thomas F, Caitlyn G, Stephanie S. Investigating Holistic Wellness Dimensions during Older Adulthood: A Factor Analytic Study. J Adult Dev, 2015; 22: 239–247.
25- Joseph G, Olsen S. Holistic Wellness as a Means to Developinga Lifestyle Approach to Health Behavior among College Students. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH, 2007, 1(56): 29-35.
26- Hermon DA, Hazler RJ. Adherence to a wellness model and perceptions of psychological well-being. J Counsel Dev, 1999; 77: 339–343.
27- Rimal RN. Longitudinal influences of knowledge and self-efficacy on exercise behavior& effects of exercise behavior on subsequent knowledge and self-efficacy. J Health Psychol, 2001; 6: 31–46.
28- Kendzierski D. Self-schemata and exercise. Basic Applesauce Psych, 1988; 9:45–59.
29- Hausenblas HA, Carron AV, Mack DE. Application of the theories of reasoned action and planned behavior to exercise behavior: a meta-analysis. J Sport Exerc Physiol, 1997; 19: 36–51.
30- Burke BL, Arkowitz H, Menchola M. The efficacy of motivational interviewing: a meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials. J Consult Clin Psychol, 2003; 71: 843–861.
31. Cameron LD, Leventhal H. Vulnerability beliefs, symptom experiences, and the processing of health threat information: a self-regulatory perspective. J ApplSoc Psych, 1995; 25: 1859–1883.
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1- Houlton S. WHO identifies Top Ten Health Risks. Pharmaceutical Executive, February 30. [On line] Available from: http://web22.epnet:pnetcom/citation.asp? [Accessed: 2005-10-12].
2- Petersen P.E & Kwan S. Evaluation of community-based oral health promotion and oral disease prevention - WHO recommendations for improved evidence in public health practice. Community Dental Health, 2004; 21: 319-329.
3- Watson D & Clark L.A. Extroversion and its positive emotional core, 1997. In: Hogan R, Johnson J & Briggs S. (eds.) Handbook of personality psychology. SanDiego: Academic Press. De Boer AG, Wijker W, Speelman JD, de Haes JC. Quality of life in patients with Parkinson's disease: Development of a questionnaire. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 1996; 61: 70-74.
4- Pilgrim D. Some reflections on 'quality' and 'mental health. Journal of Mental Health. Journal of health, 1997; 6(6): 567-576.
5- López S.P, Peón M.M & Ordás C.J.V. Human Resource Managements a Determining Factor in Organizational Learning. Management Learning, 2006; 37(2): 215-239.
6- Keyes Corey L.M & Shapiro Adam. Social well-being in the United States: A Descriptive Epidemiology, 2006.
7- Keys C.L.M. Social Well-Being. Social Psychology Quarterly, 1998; 61(2): 121- 140.
8- Ruhling R.O. Why not exercise? Quest, 2004; 56: 208-225.
9- Hattingh S.P. Environmental health. In: Acutt J. & Hattingh, S.P. Occupational Health: Management and practice for health practitioners. Lansdowne: Juta & Co, Ltd. 2006.
10- Vemuri A.W & Costanza R. The role of human, social, built, and natural capital in explaining life satisfaction at the country levels: Toward a National Well-Being Index (NWI). Ecological Economics, 2006; 58:119-133.
11- Helliwell J.F & Putman R.D. The social context of well-being. The Royal Society, 2004; 359: 1435-1446.
12- Kaplan N.M & Opie L.H. Controversies in hypertension. Lancet,2006; 367: 168-176.
13- Butters J.E, Smart R.G, Mann R.E & Asbridge M. 2005. Illicit drug use, alcohol use and problem drinking among infrequent and frequent road ragers. Drug and Alcohol Dependance, 2006; 80: 169-175.
14- Joshanloo M, Rostami R, Nosratabadi M. Examining the factor structure of the Keyes comprehensive scale of well-being . Journal of Iranian Psychologists, 2003; 3(9): 35-51.
15- Petrus A, Botha, Hein Brand. Development of a holistic wellness model for managers in tertiary institutions. SAJHRM, 2009; 7(1): 9.
16- Verhoeven W M A, Tuinier S, Curfs L M G. Prader-Willi syndrome: the psychopathological phenotype in uniparentaldisomy. J Med Genet, 2003; 40: 112
17- Barzan H, Paknajad A, haghdost A. Factors affecting women's mental health. Journal of Student Research Committee, University of Guilan, 2012; 11:23-24.
18- Carol A. The Stress of Managerial and Professional Women: Is the Price High? Journal of Too18-Beatty Organizational Behavior, 1996; 17(3): 233-251.
19- Abdi masooleh F, Kaviani H, Haghanizade M, Momeni Araghi A. The relationship between burnout and mental health among nurses. Tehran University Medical Journal, 2007; 65(6): 65-75.
20- Khosravi Z, Khaghanifard M. Factors associated with mental health of women working in the fields of management, expertise, and non-government service centers in Tehran. Social Studies of women J, 2007; 13: 27-44.
21- Jacqueline Marie. Role Perceptions of School Mental Health. Agresta Overlapping Functions. Dissertation Abstracts International Personnel: The Sciences and Engineering, 2002; 63(5): 199-208.
22- Boyd D.G, Bee H.L. Life span development. Boston MA: Allyn and Bacon, 2012.
23- Moody H.R, Sasser J.R. Aging: Concepts and controversies. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 2011.
24- Thomas F, Caitlyn G, Stephanie S. Investigating Holistic Wellness Dimensions during Older Adulthood: A Factor Analytic Study. J Adult Dev, 2015; 22: 239–247.
25- Joseph G, Olsen S. Holistic Wellness as a Means to Developinga Lifestyle Approach to Health Behavior among College Students. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH, 2007, 1(56): 29-35.
26- Hermon DA, Hazler RJ. Adherence to a wellness model and perceptions of psychological well-being. J Counsel Dev, 1999; 77: 339–343.
27- Rimal RN. Longitudinal influences of knowledge and self-efficacy on exercise behavior& effects of exercise behavior on subsequent knowledge and self-efficacy. J Health Psychol, 2001; 6: 31–46.
28- Kendzierski D. Self-schemata and exercise. Basic Applesauce Psych, 1988; 9:45–59.
29- Hausenblas HA, Carron AV, Mack DE. Application of the theories of reasoned action and planned behavior to exercise behavior: a meta-analysis. J Sport Exerc Physiol, 1997; 19: 36–51.
30- Burke BL, Arkowitz H, Menchola M. The efficacy of motivational interviewing: a meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials. J Consult Clin Psychol, 2003; 71: 843–861.
31. Cameron LD, Leventhal H. Vulnerability beliefs, symptom experiences, and the processing of health threat information: a self-regulatory perspective. J ApplSoc Psych, 1995; 25: 1859–1883.
