طراحی مدل موانع مشارکت سالمندان در ورزش با تأکید بر فاکتورهای رفاه اجتماعی
الموضوعات : نوآوری در مدیریت ورزشیلیلا شکوهی رستمی 1 , زین العابدین فلاح 2 , طاهر بهلکه 3 , اسرا عسگری 4
1 - دانشجو دکتری مدیریت ورزشی، واحد گرگان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرگان، ایران
2 - دانشیار گروه مدیریت ورزشی، واحد گرگان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرگان، ایران
3 - استادیار مدیریت ورزشی، واحد گرگان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرگان، ایران
4 - استادیار مدیریت ورزشی، واحد گرگان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرگان، ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: سلامت سالمندان, ورزش سالمندی, مشارکت در ورزش, تأمین اجتماعی.,
ملخص المقالة :
هدف از این پژوهش، طراحی مدل موانع مشارکت سالمندان در ورزش با تأکید بر فاکتورهای رفاه اجتماعی بود. تحقیق از نوع کیفی با رویکرد اکتشافی نظاممند انتخاب شد. جامعه آماری شامل دو بخش منابع انسانی (اساتید، مدیران، سالمندان، پزشکان) و منابع اطلاعاتی (کتابها، مقالات، اسناد، رسانهها) بود. نمونهگیری به تعداد قابل کفایت و با روش قضاوتی بر مبنای رسیدن به اشباع نظری انجام شد (17 نفر). ابزار پژوهش شامل مطالعه کتابخانهای نظاممند و مصاحبههای اکتشافی ساختارمند بود. روایی ابزار بر اساس اعتبار نمونه، نظر خبرگان و توافق بین مصححان ارزیابی و تأیید گردید. جهت تحلیل یافتهها از روش کدگذاری مفهومی چندمرحلهای با رویکرد تحلیل سیستمی استفاده شد. بر اساس چارچوب مفهومی استخراج‌شده شامل 5 مقوله اصلی و 42 کد باز بود. نتایج کدگذاری انتخابی نشان داد که موانع مشارکت سالمندان در ورزش با تأکید بر فاکتورهای رفاه اجتماعی شامل موانع اقتصادی (گرانی، اقتصاد کلان و بودجه سازمان‌ها)، موانع آموزشی، موانع مرتبط با تأمین اجتماعی، موانع سلامتی (جسمی و روانی) و دغدغههای فردی معیشتی سالمندان (شغلی، مسکن، خانوادگی) می‌باشد. بر اساس نتایج میتوان گفت فاکتورهای رفاه اجتماعی می‌تواند موانع اصلی مشارکت سالمندان را در ورزش و برنامه‌های مرتبط با فعالیت‌های بدنی را نمایان سازد و لذا برای ارتقاء سطح مشارکت سالمندان در برنامه‌های ورزشی می‌بایست رفاه اجتماعی آنان موردتوجه قرار گیرد.
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