ارزیابی عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد برنج رقم طارم هاشمی در کشت سنتی و مکانیزه در شرایط زارع
الموضوعات : Journal of Crop Ecophysiology
مهدی چگینی
1
,
همت اله پیردشتی
2
,
محمدعلی اسماعیلی
3
,
نعمت اله صداقت
4
,
زهرا صابر
5
1 - دانشجوی دکتری زراعت، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران.
2 - استاد گروه زراعت، پژوهشکده ژنتیک و زیست فناوری کشاورزی طبرستان، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران.
3 - دانشیار گروه زراعت، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران.
4 - دکتری فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی، مدیریت جهاد کشاورزی شهرستان آمل، آمل، ایران.
5 - دانش¬آموخته دکترای زراعت، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران.
الکلمات المفتاحية: برنج, روش کشت, مصرف کود, آزمون خاک و عملکرد شلتوک,
ملخص المقالة :
این مطالعه به¬منظور دستیابی به عملکرد مطلوب، استفاده بهینه از ظرفیت تولید گیاه و مقایسه شیوه کشت و مصرف کود براساس آزمون خاک بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد برنج انجام شد. آزمایشی به¬صورت فاکتوریل در سه تکرار با دو عامل روش کشت در دو سطح (سنتی و مکانیزه) و شیوه مصرف کود در دو سطح (با و بدون آزمون خاک) در سال 1400 در روستای چائوسر محله شهرستان آمل روی برنج رقم هاشمی اجرا شد. نتایج نشان داد که اثر شیوه کشت بر زیستتوده و تعداد پنجه گیاه در سطح احتمال یک درصد و بر عملکرد شلتوک، تعداد کل دانه و تعداد دانه پر در خوشه در سطح پنج درصد معنی¬دار شد. کشت مکانیزه به ترتیب با 2/4957 و 7/12637 کیلوگرم در هکتار عملکرد شلتوک و زیست¬توده بیشتری (به ترتیب حدود 19 و 20 درصد) در مقایسه با کشت سنتی با میانگین 7/4178 و 8/10514 کیلوگرم در هکتار داشت. کشت مکانیزه برنج، 6/14 درصد تعداد خوشه و 6/21 درصد تعداد دانه پر بیشتری در خوشه نسبت به کشت سنتی داشته است. همچنین مصرف کود از نظر تعداد کل دانه در خوشه در کرت¬های با آزمون خاک، 6/14 درصد افزایش بیشتری در مقایسه با کرت¬های بدون آزمون خاک داشت. مصرف کود با انجام آزمون خاک به ترتیب حدود 3/13، 4/3 و 15 درصد عملکرد شلتوک، ارتفاع بوته و زیست¬توده بیشتری را در مقایسه با مصرف کود بدون آزمون خاک موجب شد. با توجه به نتایج حاصله می¬توان روش کشت مکانیزه برنج و انجام آزمون خاک را جهت افزایش عملکرد در شرایط مشابه این تحقیق بکار گرفت.
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