مرور نظام‌مند و فراتحلیل اثربخشی برنامه‌های مبتنی بر مدرسه بر رفتارهای پرخاشگرانه
الموضوعات :
1 -
الکلمات المفتاحية: فراتحلیل, برنامه‌های مبتنی بر مدرسه, پرخاشگری, کودکان, نوجوانان,
ملخص المقالة :
هدف مطالعه حاضر اثربخشی برنامه‌های مداخله‌ای مبتنی بر مدرسه را در کاهش پرخاشگری در کودکان و نوجوانان مورد بررسی قرار داد. جستجوی جامعی در ۱۲ پایگاه داده الکترونیکی انجام شد. در نهایت ۱۷ مطالعه انتخاب گردید و فراتحلیل‌ها با استفاده از مدل اثرات تصادفی در نرم‌افزار RevMan انجام شدند. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که برنامه‌های موجود مبتنی بر مدرسه تأثیر معناداری بر کاهش پرخاشگری دارند (تفاوت میانگین استاندارد شده = -0.35، فاصله اطمینان ۹۵٪ [-0.53، -0.18]، مقدار Z = 3.92، p < .001).. علاوه بر این، تحلیل زیرگروه‌ها نشان داد که مداخلاتی که بر مبنای نظریه طراحی شده‌اند، از طراحی کارآزمایی تصادفی کنترل‌شده (RCT) استفاده می‌کنند، یا مدت زمان هر جلسه آنها کوتاه است (کمتر از ۴۵ دقیقه)، در مقایسه با مداخلاتی که فاقد مبنای نظری هستند، از طراحی شبه‌آزمایشی بهره می‌برند، یا مدت زمان جلسات آنها طولانی‌تر است (بیش از ۴۵ دقیقه)، اثربخشی بیشتری در کاهش رفتارهای پرخاشگرانه دارند. این مرور نظام‌مند دلالت‌هایی برای بهبود مداخلات مبتنی بر مدرسه ارائه می‌دهد؛ از جمله طراحی برنامه‌ها بر اساس راهنمایی‌های نظری و طراحی کارآزمایی تصادفی کنترل‌شده، همچنین محدود کردن مدت زمان جلسات.
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