نقش تغییرات اقلیم بر اکوسیستم و تنوع زیستی
الموضوعات :
سید علی اصغر مصطفوی زاده
1
,
محمد میرزائی حیدری
2
1 - گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اصفهان، ایران
2 - دانشیارگروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد اصفهان
الکلمات المفتاحية: تغییرات اقلیم, اکوسیستم, تنوع زیستی.,
ملخص المقالة :
تغییرات اقلیم به عنوان یکی از بزرگ‌ترین چالش‌های محیط زیستی قرن حاضر، تأثیرات عمیق و گسترده‌ای بر اکوسیستم‌ها و تنوع زیستی زمین دارد. افزایش دما، تغییر الگوهای بارش و وقوع رویدادهای شدید آب و هوایی، به طور مستقیم و غیرمستقیم بر زیستگاه‌ها و گونه‌های مختلف تأثیر می‌گذارد. این تغییرات می‌توانند منجر به جابجایی گونه‌ها، تغییر در زمان‌بندی فعالیت‌های زیستی و کاهش تنوع ژنتیکی شوند. بسیاری از گونه‌ها به دلیل تغییرات دمایی قادر به سازگاری با شرایط جدید نیستند و در نتیجه در معرض خطر انقراض قرار می‌گیرند. علاوه بر این، تغییرات اقلیم می‌تواند بر زنجیره‌های غذایی و تعاملات اکولوژیکی تأثیر بگذارد، که این امر به نوبه خود می‌تواند به تغییر در ساختار و عملکرد اکوسیستم‌ها منجر شود. به¬طوری که، کاهش جمعیت برخی از گونه‌ها ممکن است تأثیرات زنجیره‌ای بر دیگر گونه‌ها و اکوسیستم‌ها داشته باشد. این تحقیق به بررسی تأثیرات مختلف تغییرات اقلیم بر اکوسیستم‌ها و تنوع زیستی می‌پردازد و همچنین به تحلیل راهکارهایی برای کاهش این تأثیرات و حفاظت از تنوع زیستی در برابر چالش‌های اقلیمی می‌پردازد. در نهایت، نتایج این تحقیق می‌تواند به درک بهتر چالش‌ها و فرصت‌های موجود در مدیریت پایدار منابع طبیعی و حفظ تنوع زیستی کمک کند و به سیاست‌گذاران و محققان در اتخاذ تصمیمات آگاهانه یاری رساند.
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