فرصت‌ها و چالش‌های کاربرد انرژی‌های نو در ایران برای کاهش آلودگی محیط زیست
الموضوعات :
1 - استادیارگروه مهندسی انرژی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران. * (مسوول مکاتبات)
الکلمات المفتاحية: انرژی های نو, انرژی تجدیدپذیر, ناترازی انرژی, فرصت‌ها و چالش‌ها, آلودگی محیط زیست.,
ملخص المقالة :
زمینه و هدف: رشد روزافزون تقاضای انرژی، افزایش استانداردهای زندگی، گرم شدن بیش از حد کره زمین و در نهایت مشکلات زیست محیطی و اکولوژیکی ناشی از احتراق سوخت‌های فسیلی، جايگزينی انرژی‌های تجديدپذير و پاک با انرژی‌های رو به پايان و آلوده کننده فسیلی را به ویژه در ایران ضروری ساخته است. توجه به انرژی‌های نو در جامعه ایران از منظر توسعه پایدار، مدیریت ناترازی‌های انرژی، امنیت و کارایی انرژی، عدالت زیست محیطی و حفاظت از محیط زیست دارای اهمیت کلیدی است.
روش بررسی: پژوهش حاضر با بهره گیری از منابع مکتوب داخلی و خارجی و مصوبات، اسناد و اقدامات انجام یافته مرتبط با حوزه انرژی‌های نو به ویژه از منظر کاهش آلاینده‌ها و حفاظت از محیط زیست با روش تحلیلی استنتاجی انجام یافته است.
یافته‌ها: نتایج پژوهش نشان می دهد ایران با جغرافیای منحصر به فرد خود، و امکان دستیابی به دانش و تکنولوژی به روز و پرورش نیروی متخصص پتانسیل های خوبی برای بهره گیری از انرژی‌های نو در اختیار دارد. مهمترین چالش ها و موانع کاربرد انرژی‌های نو در ایران موانع زیست محیطی و اقلیمی، موانع اقتصادی و سیاست‌گذاری، محدودیت‌های زیرساختی و تکنولوژیکی، مقاومت اجتماعی و فرهنگی است.
بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: بر اساس یافته‌ها، لازم است اصلاح و تکمیل قوانین و مقررات مرتبط با جایابی، احداث و بهره‌برداری از انرژی‌های نو، حذف یارانه‌‌‌های غیرهدفمند انرژی و افزایش قیمت انرژی سوخت‌های فسیلی، ثبات در خرید تضمینی برق تجدیدپذیر و سیاست‌های حمایتی از بخش خصوصی، فراهم سازی زرساخت‌های بخش اکتشاف، حفاری و ارزیابی مخازن انرژی های نو و تربیت نیروی انسانی متخصص، برآورد پیامدهای اجتماعی(SIA ) در کنار برآورد پیامدهای زیست محیطی (EIA)، مد نظر قرار گیرد.
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