اثر تابش نور LED و محلول¬پاشی با سلنیوم و ید بر صفات رشدی و خصوصیات کیفی گیاه ریحان دارچینی (Ocimum basilicum var. cinnamon)
الموضوعات :
افسانه نورزایی
1
,
مریم رحیمی
2
,
داریوش رمضان
3
,
زینب محکمی
4
,
یوسف فرخ زاد
5
1 - دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران
2 - استادیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران.
3 - Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
4 - عضو هیأت علمی پژوهشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه زابل
5 - استادیار،گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران.
الکلمات المفتاحية: ارزش تغدیه‌ای, ریحان, گلخانه, نور تکمیلی,
ملخص المقالة :
تحقیقات اخیر بیانگر تأثیر نورپردازی LED بر تجمع آنتوسیانین‌ها و فلاونوئیدها در گیاهان بوده است. تأثیر تابش نور LED به‌همراه محلولپاشی سلنیوم و ید بر رشد و ترکیب بیوشیمیایی ریحان دارچینی تا حد زیادی ناشناخته مانده است. برای این منظور، مطالعه‌ای به‌صورت فاکتوریل سه عاملی (نور LED، غلظت‌های 0، 2، 4 و 6 میلی گرم/ لیتر سلنیوم و ید) در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار (مجموع 96 واحد آزمایش) در گلخانه پژوهشکده کشاورزی پژوهشگاه زابل به اجرا درآمد. نشاءها در مرحله 4 برگی بهگلدانهای اصلی انتقال یافته و محلولهای سلنیوم و ید در سه تکرار بر گیاهان محلولپاشی شد. پس از ورود 90 درصد بوتهها به فاز گلدهی، برداشت شده و پارامترهای آزمایش اندازهگیری شد. نتایج تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها نشان داد که بالاترین میزان کلروفیل کل(21/36 میکروگرم بر گرم وزن تر) در بوتههای ریحان دارچینی محلولپاشی شده با ید (غلظت 4 میلی گرم/ لیتر)و در معرض نور تکمیلی LED حاصل شد. همچنین بیشترین محتوای فلاونوئید (79/2 میلیگرم کوئرستین/گرم ماده خشک) و فنل کل (49/219 میلیگرم گالیک اسید/گرم ماده خشک) در تیمار 4 میلی گرم/ لیتر ید در حضور نور LED حاصل گردید. بالاترین مقادیر پتاسیم (مقادیر 3/9323 میکروگرم/گرم ماده خشک) و فسفر (87/1 میکروگرم/گرم ماده خشک) برگ ریحان دارچینی در تیمار محلولپاشی ترکیبی با سلنیوم 6 میلی گرم/ لیتر + ید 6 میلی گرم/ لیتر + تابش نور تکمیلی LED سنجش شد. همبستگی مثبت و معنا‌داری بین صفت محتوای فنل کل و محتوای کربوهیدرات محلول (78/0)، محتوای کلروفیل a (50/0)، محتوای کلروفیل b (74/0)، محتوای کلروفیل کل (60/0)، محتوای کارتنوئید (56/0) و محتوای فسفر (82/0) مشاهده شد. به‌طور کلی، نتایج پژوهش حاضر نشان داد که اثر استفاده از نور تکمیلی (LED) و محلولپاشی با سلنیوم و ید بر ویژگیهای مورفولوژیکی و فیتوشیمیایی گیاه داروئی ریحان دارچینی مثبت است. با توجه به نتایج به دست آمده استفاده از نور تکمیلی و کاربرد سلنیوم و ید در گلخانهها، در راستای بهبود عملکرد و کیفیت گیاهان پیشنهاد میگردد.
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