اثربخشی آموزش فرزندپروری مبتنی بر طرحواره درمانی بر تنظیم هیجان، علائم رفتاری کودکان و عملکرد تحصیلی در کودکان مبتلا به اختلال بیش فعال/نقص توجه شهر آمل

الموضوعات :

رضا جوهری فرد ¹ , کامبیز سیدحسینی ² , مرضیه طالب زاده ³

1 - استاد
2 - دانشجوی دکتری، روانشناسی و آموزش کودکان استثنائی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اهواز، اهواز، ایران، [e-mail]
3 - - استادیار گروه روانشناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اهواز، اهواز، ایران [e-mail]

تاريخ الإرسال : 06 الثلاثاء , جمادى الثانية, 1445 تاريخ التأكيد : 27 السبت , رمضان, 1445 تاريخ الإصدار : 25 السبت , ربيع الأول, 1446

الکلمات المفتاحية: آموزش فرزندپروری مبتنی بر طرحواره درمانی, تنظیم هیجان, علائم رفتاری کودکان, عملکرد تحصیلی, کودکان مبتلا به اختلال بیش فعال/نقص توجه,

ملخص المقالة :

چکیده مقدمه: کودکان مبتلا به اختلال بیش¬فعالی و نقص ¬توجه اغلب در تنظیم هیجان، علائم¬ رفتاری و عملکرد تحصیلی دچار مشکلات هستند و با طرد همسالان و انزوای¬اجتماعی مواجه ¬می شوند. با این حال نقص در کارکردهای ¬اجتماعی این کودکان هنوز مورد تردید است. هدف این پژوهش اثربخشی آموزش فرزندپروری مبتنی بر طرحواره¬درمانی بر تنظیم¬هیجان، علائم¬رفتاری کودکان و عملکردتحصیلی در کودکان مبتلا به اختلال بیش¬فعال/نقص توجه شهر آمل بود. روش پژوهش: پژوهش حاضر یک طرح نیمه¬آزمایشی از نوع پیش¬آزمون-پس¬آزمون و پیگیری با گروه¬گواه بود. جامعه آماري پژوهش-حاضر، شامل کلیه کودکان¬ دبستانی 7 تا 11 ساله مبتلا به اختلال بیش فعالی/نقص توجه همراه با مادران آنها در شهر آمل در سال 1400-1399 بودند که از این جامعه 30 نفر، به ¬صورت ¬هدفمند انتخاب شدند و به¬صورت تصادفی در گروه ‌¬آزمایشی آموزش فرزندپروری مبتنی بر طرحواره¬درمانی (15 نفر) و گروه¬ گواه (15 نفر) جایگزین شدند. افراد نمونه پرسشنامه¬های تنظیم¬هیجان گارنفسکی، علائم-رفتاری¬کودکان و عملکردتحصیلی را تکمیل نمودند. برای تجزيه و تحليل داده¬ها از تحلیل¬ کوواریانس چندمتغیره و یک¬متغیره، آزمون-تعقیبی ¬بنفرونی در نرم¬افزار SPSS-24 استفاده¬شد. یافته¬ها: نتایج¬ نشان داد آموزش¬ فرزندپروری مبتنی بر طرحواره¬درمانی در بهبود روش¬های تنظیم¬ هیجان، عملکرد تحصیلی و کاهش علایم¬رفتاری در کودکان دارای اختلال¬بیش فعال/نقص توجه بود. نتیجه¬گیری: با توجه به مؤثر بودن آموزش فرزندپروری مبتنی بر طرحواره¬درمانی بر تنظیم ¬هیجان، علائم ¬رفتاری و عملکرد تحصیلی، روانشناسان و مشاوران مراكز خدمات روان¬درماني و مشاوره مي¬توانند از این رویکردها جهت¬ كاهش اختلال ¬بیش فعال/نقص توجه استفاده كنند.

المصادر:

1. Khorasanizadeh Gazki A, Bahrami H, Ahadi H. The effectiveness of working memory training on increasing the attention of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Psychological Sciences. 2020; 19(88): 509-503. doi:20.1001.1.17357462.1399.19.88.9.1.
2. Castellanos FX, Sonuga-Barke EJ, Milham MP, Tannock R. Characterizing cognition in ADHD: beyond executive dysfunction. Trends in cognitive sciences. 2019; 10(3): 117-123. DOI:10.1016/j.tics.2006.01.011
3. Alidadi Taeme F, Sotodeh Asl N, Karami A. The effect of cognitive rehabilitation and neurofeedback on improving working memory in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (Persian). IJRN. 2019; 6(1):26-33. DOI: 10.21859/ijrn-06104
4. Mortimer N, Sanchez-Mora C, Rovira P, Vilar-Ribo L, Richarte V, Corrales M. Transcriptome profiling in adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2020; 41(4):160-6. DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2020.11.005
5. Chen YL, Chang CC, Chen YM, Liu TL, Hsiao RC, Chou WJ. Association between affiliate stigma and depression and its moderators in caregivers of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. J Affect Disord. 2021; 279(2): 59-65. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043192
6. Pinzone V, De Rossi P, Trabucchi G, Lester D, Girardi P, Pompili M. Temperament correlates in adult ADHD: a systematic review. Journal of affective disorders. 2019; 252(4): 394-403. DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.04.006
7. Salomone S, Fleming GR, Bramham J, O’Connell RG, Robertson IH. Neuropsychological deficits in adult ADHD: evidence for differential attentional impairments, deficient executive functions, and high self-reported functional impairments. Journal of attention disorders. 2020; 24(10): 1413-1424. https://doi.org/10.1177/1087054715623045
8. Musser ED, Backs RW, Schmitt CF, Ablow JC, Measelle JR, Nigg JT. Emotion regulation via the autonomic nervous system in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Journal of abnormal child psychology. 2019; 39(6): 841-852. DOI: 10.1007/s10802-011-9499-1
9. Treasure J, Bektas S, Mutwalli H, Dhopatkar N, Himmerich H. Novel approaches to tackling emotional loss of control of eating across the weight spectrum. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society. 2022; 1(1); 1-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0029665122000994.
10. Silvers JA. Adolescence as a pivotal period for emotion regulation development. Current opinion in psychology. 2022; 44(5): 258-263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2021.09.023.
11. Francesconi M, Flouri E, Harrison A. Decision-making difficulties mediate the association between poor emotion regulation and eating disorder symptoms in adolescence. Psychological Medicine. 2022; 4(4): 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1017/S003329172200037X.
12. Saadati N, Berenji S, Aghaziarati A. The Roles of Parenting Styles of Mothers in Predicting Behavioral Problems in Adolescents. Jayps. 2020; 1 (1): 61-69 (Persian). https://jayps.iranmehr.ac.ir/article-1-29.
13. Mohabi M, Zarei S, Gharayag Zandi H. The relationship between emotional intelligence and perfectionism of coaches with the quality of the coach-athlete relationship in elite martial artists. Research in sports management and movement behavior. 2022; 11 (21): 30-43. DOR: 20.1001.1.22520716.1400.11.21.7.5.
14. Colton KC, Godleski SA, Crane CA. Applying a bifactor model to the functions of relational aggression: Associations with hostile attribution biases and difficulties with emotion regulation. Aggressive Behavior. 2023; 49(1):58-67. DOI: 10.1002/ab.22053
15. Wu Y, Zhang F. The health cost of attending higher-achievement schools: Peer effects on adolescents’ academic performance and mental health. In The Frontier of Education Reform and Development in China. 2023; 4(4): 211-240. DOI:10.1007/978-981-19-6355-1_12.
16. Park K, Moon S, Oh J. Predictors of academic achievement in distance learning for nursing students. Nurse education today. 2022; 108(4): 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2021.105162.
17. Tu M, Guo Y, Zhang X, Yu Q. More Similar to My Father, Better Academic Performance I Will Have: The Role of Caring Parenting Style. Psychology research and behavior management. 2021; 14(4): 1379-1388. doi: 10.2147/PRBM.S314238.
18. Arnold LE, Hodgkins P, Kahle J, Madhoo M, Kewley G. Long-term outcomes of ADHD: academic achievement and performance. Journal of Attention Disorders. 2020; 24(1): 73-85. https://doi.org/10.1177/1087054714566076.
19. Keser SB, Aghalarova S. HELA: A novel hybrid ensemble learning algorithm for predicting academic performance of students. Education and Information Technologies. 2022; 27(4): 4521-4552. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-021-10780-0.
20. Lim H, Kim S, Chung KM, Lee K, Kim T, Heo J. Is college students’ trajectory associated with academic performance?. Computers & Education. 2022; 178(4); 104-397. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2021.104397.
21. Leader G, Moore R, Chen JL, Caher A, Arndt S, Maher L, Naughton K, Clune R, Mannion A. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms, comorbid psychopathology, behaviour problems and gastrointestinal symptoms in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder. Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine. 2021; 11(2): 1-1. https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ipm.2020.135.
22. Kivumbi A, Byansi W, Damulira C, Namatovu P, Mugisha J, SensoyBahar O, McKay MM, Hoagwood K, Sewamala FM. Prevalence of behavioral disorders and attention deficit/hyperactive disorder among school going children in Southwestern Uganda. BMC psychiatry. 2019; 19(1):1-8. DOI: 10.1186/s12888-019-2069-8
23. Song J, Fogarty K, Suk R, Gillen M. Behavioral and mental health problems in adolescents with ADHD: Exploring the role of family resilience. Journal of Affective Disorders. 2021; 294(7): 450-8. DOI:10.1016/j.jad.2021.07.073.
24. Rizzutti S, Schuch V, Augusto BM, Coimbra CC, Pereira JP, Bueno OF. Neuro psychological profiles correlated with clinical and behavioral impairments in a sample of brazilian children with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Frontiers in psychiatry. 2023; 6(2):163. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2015.00163.
25. Ros R, Graziano PA. Social functioning in children with or at risk for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A metaanalytic review. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology. 2018; 47(2): 213-35. DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2016.1266644
26. Saylor KE, Amann BH. Impulsive aggression as a comorbidity of attentiondeficit/hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents. Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology. 2016; 26(1):19-25. DOI: 10.1089/cap.2015.0126
27. Lindor E, Sivaratnam C, May T, Stefanac N, Howells K, Rinehart N. Problem behavior in autism spectrum disorder: Considering core symptom severity and accompanying sleep disturbance. Frontiers in Psychiatry. 2019; 10(1): 1-10. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00487
28. Sanz-Cervera P, Pastor-Cerezuela G, González-Sala F, Tárraga-Mínguez R, Fernández-Andrés MI. Sensory processing in children with autism spectrum disorder and/or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in the home and classroom contexts. Frontiers in Psychology. 2017; 8(1): 17-72. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01772
29. Norozi R, Bordideh M, Amini S. Comparison of mental health and biological, cognitive, psychological and social characteristics of parents of autistic children and parents of physically disabled children. The fourth international research conference in psychology, counseling and educational sciences. 2019. https://civilica.com/doc/971693.
30. Abedi S, Pour Mohammadrezai Tajrishi M, Mohammad Khani P, Farsi M.. Effectiveness of positive parenting group program on mother-child relationship in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Clinical Psychology. 2019; 4(15): 73-63, https://doi.org/10.22075/jcp.2017.2098.
31. Brummer J, Hesse M, Frederiksen KS, Karriker-Jaffe KJ, Bloomfield K. How do register -based studies contribute to our understanding of alcohol's harms to family members? A scoping review of relevant literature. Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs. 2021; 82(4): 445 - 456. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2022.109338.
32. Bododo MM, Ibrahim DS. Common parenting styles and behaviour disorders among senior secondary school students in gombe metropolis. Kano journal of educational psychology. 2020; 2(1): 63 -69. DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2013.08.015.
33. Smetana J. Current research on parenting styles, dimensions, and beliefs. Current Opinion in Psychology. 2022; 15(1): 19-25. DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2017.02.012.
34. Thijssen J, Vink G, Muris P, de Ruiter, C. The Effectiveness of Parent Management Training-Oregon Model in Clinically Referred Children with Externalizing Behavior Problems in The Netherlands. Child Psychiatry & Human Development. 2017; 48(1): 136–150. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1007/s10578-016-0660-5.
35. Garnefski N, Kraaij V, Spinhoven P. Negative life events, cognitive emotion regulation, and emotional problems. Personality and Individual Differences. 2001; 30 (8): 1311– 1327. DOI:10.1016/S0191-8869(00)00113-6.
36. Yousefi F. Causal model of emotional intelligence, cognitive development, cognitive strategies of emotion regulation and general health. Doctorate thesis in educational psychology. Shiraz university. 2003. https://civilica.com/doc/971693.
37. Samani S, Sadeghi L. Investigating the psychometric adequacy of the Cognitive Regulation of Emotion Questionnaire. Journal of Psychological Methods and Models. 2010; 1(1): 51-62. https://doi.org/10.22037/ijabs.v3i4.16483.
38. Salehi A, Baghban I, Bahrami F, Ahmadi SA. The effect of two methods of emotion regulation training based on the Gross process model and dialectical behavior therapy on the symptoms of emotional problems. Zahedan Medical Science Research Journal. 2011; 2(1): 49-52.
39. Goyette CH, Conners CK, Ulrich RF. Normal data on revised Conners’ Parent and Teachers Rating Scales. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology. 1978; 6(2): 221-236. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00919127.
40. Gianarris WJ, Golden, CJ, Greene L. The Conners’ Parent Rating Scale: A critical review of the literature. Clinical Psychology Review. 2001; 21(7): 1061-1093. DOI: 10.1016/s0272-7358(00)00085-4.
41. El- Hassan Al-Awad AM, Sonuga-Barke EJ. The application of the Conners’ Rating Scales to a Sudanese sample: An analysis of parents and teachers rating of childhood behavior problems. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and practice. 2002; 75(1):177-187. DOI: 10.1348/147608302169634.
42. Rosenberg LA, Jani S. Cross cultural studies with the Conners’ Rating Scales. Journal of Clinical Psychology. 1995; 51(6): 820-826.
43. Pal Dk, Chaudhury G, Das T, Sengupta S. Validation of a Bengali adaptation of the Conners’ Parent Rating Scale (CPRS- 48). British Journal of Medical Psychology. 1999; 79(2): 525-533. DOI: 10.1348/000711299160211.
44. Margalit M. Diagnostic application of the Conners’ Abbreviated Symptom Questionnaire. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology. 1983; 12(3): 355-357. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1080/15374418309533156.
45. Pham LB, Taylor SE. From Thought to Action: Effects of Process- Versus Outcome-Based Mental Simulations on Performance. Society for Personality and Social Psychology. 1999; 25(2): 250-260. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167299025002010.
46. Saber Mahani A. Investigating the relationship between social skills and test anxiety with the academic performance of high school girls in Saravan city. National conference and new achievements in the world in psychology education. 2009; 1(6): 1-14.
47. Dortaj F. Investigating the impact of mental simulation of process and outcome in improving students' academic performance (construction and standardization of academic performance test). PhD thesis. Tehran: Allameh University. 2004.
48. Young J. Cognitive therapy for personality disorders: A schema – Focused approach. Sarasota. FL. Professional resource exchange Inc. 1990. https://www.amazon.com/Cognitive-Therapy-Personality-Disorders-Schema-Focused/dp/1568870477.
49. Eisenberg N, Fabes RA, Guthrie IK, Reiser M. Dispositional emotionality and regulation: Their role in predicting quality of social functioning. Journal of personality and social psychology. 2010; 78(1): 138-157. DOI:10.1037/0022-3514.78.1.136.
50. Garnefski N, Kraaij V, Spinhoven P. CERQ: Manual for the useof the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire. Datec, Leiderdorp, Netherlands. 2002. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1027/1015-5759.23.3.141.
51. Nolen-Hoeksema S, McBride A, Larson J. Rumination and psychological distress among bereaved partners. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 2009; 72(21): 855–862. DOI: 10.1037//0022-3514.72.4.855.
52. Ganji M, Mohammadi G, Tabriziyan Sh. Comparing emotional regulation and defense mechanisms in mothers of students with and without learning disabilities, Journal of Learning Disabilities. 2013; 2(3): 136-142. https://www.magiran.com/paper/1127020.
53. Abbasi F, Moradi Manesh F, Naderi F, & Bakhtiar Pour S. The effectiveness of schema therapy on cognitive emotion regulation and quality of life in asthmatic individuals. Medical Journal of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. 2020; 63(2): 2446-2454. https://doi.org/10.22038/mjms.2020.16987.
54. Abdul-Azimi M, Niknam M. The effectiveness of treatment based on acceptance and commitment on the perception of social support and body dissatisfaction in the elderly. Psychology of Aging. 2019; 5(1): 13-25. https://journals.razi.ac.ir/article_1124.html.
55. Gavita OA, Joyce MR, David D. Cognitive behavioral parent programs for the treatment of child disruptive behavior. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy. 2011; 25(4): 240-256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.10.449.