نانوپوششها در خطوط انتقال هوایی برق: هادی، عایق و دکل ها
الموضوعات :
مجید میرزایی
1
,
عباس فیضی نیا
2
,
یاسر قربانی امیر
3
1 - گروه پژوهشی مواد غیرفلزی، پژوهشگاه نیرو، تهران، ایران
2 - گروه پژوهشی مواد غیرفلزی، پژوهشگاه نیرو، تهران، ایران
3 - گروه پژوهشی مواد غیرفلزی، پژوهشگاه نیرو، تهران، ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: پوشش عملکردی, فوق آبگریز, ضد یخ‌زدگی, ضد کرونا, ضد تخلیه آلودگی, ضد خوردگی, خطوط انتقال هوایی.,
ملخص المقالة :
خطوط انتقال هوایی روش اصلی انتقال برق هستند. هادی‌ها، عایق‌ها و دکل‌ها تجهیزات الکتریکی اصلی این خطوط به شمار می‌روند. از آنجا که این خطوط در محیط طبیعی فعالیت می‌کنند، مشکلاتی مانند یخ‌زدگی، تخلیه کرونا، رسوب آلودگی و خوردگی به وجود می‌آید. این مشکلات می‌توانند منجر به حوادثی شوند که خسارات اقتصادی زیادی را به همراه دارند. برای حل این مشکلات، می‌توان از پوشش‌های عملکردی با ویژگی‌های فوق آبگریز، نیمه‌هادی، ضدخوردگی و سایر ویژگی‌ها بر روی تجهیزات الکتریکی استفاده کرد که دارای مزایای هزینه پایین و کارایی بالا هستند. به همین علت، پوشش‌های عملکردی در سال‌های اخیر به یکی از موضوعات پرطرفدار تحقیقات در حوزه عایق‌کاری خارجی تبدیل شده‌اند. با در نظر گرفتن چالش‌های متعدد مرتبط با تجهیزات الکتریکی در خطوط انتقال هوایی، ضرورت بهره‌گیری از رویکردهای متفاوت احساس می‌شود. این مقاله مروری، پوشش‌های عملکردی را بر اساس زمینه های کاربرد و عملکرد آن‌ها دسته‌بندی می‌کند. در هر بخش، ابتدا علل مشکلات تجهیزات الکتریکی به طور مختصر بررسی می‌شود، سپس مکانیزم عملکرد این نوع پوشش‌ها برای رفع مشکلات توضیح داده می‌شود. در ادامه، وضعیت توسعه و کاربرد این پوشش‌ها به صورت خلاصه ارائه شده و محدودیت‌های آن‌ها مورد بررسی قرار می‌گیرد. در پایان، مسائل کلیدی مرتبط با تحقیق در زمینه پوشش‌های عملکردی مرور خواهند شد و مسیرهای تحقیقاتی آینده مورد بحث قرار می‌گیرند.
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