تاثیر عصاره های گیاهی روی پسیل معمولی پستهAgonoscena pistaciae Burckardt and Lauterer (Hemiptera: Aphalaridae) در مطالعات موردی
الموضوعات :
1 - گروه حشره‌شناسی، واحد رفسنجان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رفسنجان، ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: بادام كوهي, پسيل معمولی پسته, چريش, زنيان, عصاره گياهي,
ملخص المقالة :
پسيل معمولي پسته (Agonoscena pistaciae Burckardt and Lauterer (Hemiptera: Aphalaridae)) يكي از مهمترين آفات درختان پسته است كه خسارت آن اقتصادي است و كشاورزان از حشرهكشهاي شيميايي براي كنترل آن استفاده مي كنند. با توجه به معایب حشرهكشهاي شيميايي پیدا کردن روشی اَمن، مؤثر و طبیعی برای کنترل آفات يک نیاز ضروری است. استفاده از مشتقات گیاهی يکی از روش‌های پیشنهادی برای کنترل پسيل معمولی پسته است. عصاره های گیاهی به دلیل داشتن متابولیتهای ثانویه که خاصیت حشرهکشی دارند در کنترل ايمن اين آفت نقش دارند. تاكنون عصاره‌های گيـاهي مختلفي روي پسیل معمولی پسته مـورد بررسي قرار گرفته اند. عصاره بذر بادام كوهي، بادام تلخ و زردآلو، زنيان، بومادران، سير، فلفل، اکاليپتوس، چـريش، بـرگ حنا، پوست پرتقال، آويشن باغي، برگ و گل رزماري، کرچک، تلخه بيان، بنفشه معطر، بابونه، خرزهره، اشورک و بذر و ریشه روناس، بذر منداب و اسفناج در كنترل پوره هاي پسيل معمولی پسته موثر هستند. بنابراین به دلیل این که ماده موثره این حشرهکشهای زیستی روی پسیل معمولی پسته موثرند، برای محیط زیست، دشمنان طبیعی و انسان ایمن ترند، از طرفی قیمت مناسبی دارند و در محیط تجزیه پذیرند میتوانند جایگزین مناسی برای حشرهکشهای شیمیایی در کنترل این آفت باشند و به عنوان یک ابزار در مدیریت تلفیقی پسیل معمولی پسته به کار روند.
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