Assessing Employee Satisfaction with Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) in Office Spaces Using Post-Occupancy Evaluation (POE): A Case Study of Administrative Offices in Bandar Abbas
Shayesteh Farah
1
(
Department of Architecture, Islamic Azad University of Qeshm, Qeqshm , Iran .
)
Mohammad Ghomeishi
2
(
Department of Architecture, Islamic Azad University of Damavand, Damavand , Iran.
)
Hesamaddin Sotoudeh
3
(
Department of Architecture, Islamic Azad University of Qeshm, Qeqshm , Iran.
)
الکلمات المفتاحية: Post-Occupancy Evaluation (POE), Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ), Office, Bandar Abbas, lighting, Noise, Temperature,
ملخص المقالة :
Post-occupancy evaluation is a method for assessing building performance and human needs in line with predetermined design objectives. Enhancing indoor environmental quality is one of the primary focuses of this method. This study investigates the satisfaction levels of employees in Bandar Abbas's offices with the IEQ of their workspaces using POE. IT is located in the south of Iran. Thus, this study is the first to use POE to assess IEQ in administrative buildings in Iran. This city is The factors evaluated to determine IEQ include lighting, noise, temperature, and ventilation. The research questions addressed are: What is employee satisfaction with the IEQ in the administrative offices of Bandar Abbas? What are the reasons for employee dissatisfaction with the IEQ in these offices? This applied research utilizes a mixed-method approach comprising two stages: quantitative data collection and qualitative data collection. In the quantitative phase, data were collected using standardized Likert-scale questionnaires. Subsequently, semi-structured interviews were conducted to uncover the reasons behind the results obtained from the quantitative data. The results indicate that the highest satisfaction level is associated with the lighting factor, followed by temperature and ventilation, while the lowest pertains to the noise factor. Overall, dissatisfaction with the lighting factor includes the lack of windows, poor maintenance, improper building orientation, excessive room depth, small windows, and inadequate calculation of artificial lighting needs. The reasons for dissatisfaction with the noise factor include disturbing noise from others' conversations, partitioned spaces allowing noise to flow, echoing noise in the lobby, and lack of noise control. Regarding the temperature and ventilation factor, the reasons for dissatisfaction include the inability to open windows, unpleasant odors due to proximity to restrooms, lack of openings, and obstructed airflow from air conditioners due to tall partitions, poor maintenance, and inadequate window insulation.
Albuainain, N., Sweis, G., AlBalkhy, W., Sweis, R., & Lafhaj, Z. (2021). Factors affecting occupants’ satisfaction in governmental buildings: The case of the Kingdom of Bahrain. Buildings, 11(6), 231.
Arif, M., Katafygiotou, M., Mazroei, A., Kaushik, A., & Elsarrag, E. (2016). Impact of indoor environmental quality on occupant well-being and comfort: A review of the literature. International Journal of Sustainable Built Environment, 5(1), 1-11.
Barlex, M.J. (2006). Guide to Post Occupancy Evaluation. London: HEFCE/AUDE.
Baarspul, H. C., & Wilderom, C. P. (2011). Do employees behave differently in public-vs private-sector organizations? A state-of-the-art review. Public management review, 13(7), 967-1002.
Bourikas, L., Gauthier, S., Khor Song En, N., & Xiong, P. (2021). Effect of thermal, acoustic and air quality perception interactions on the comfort and satisfaction of people in office buildings. Energies, 14(2), 333.
Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers (CIBSE). (2022). TM68 Indoor Environmental Quality. London: CIBSE Publications.
Do Monte, P. A. (2017). Public versus private sector: do workers’ behave differently?. EconomiA, 18(2), 229-243.
Ege, D. N., Andersen, L. B., & Kristensen, T. (2024). People, Space Use and Objects: An UWB-Based Quantifying Approach for Post-Occupancy Evaluation of New Architectural Spaces. Smart Buildings Journal, 22(4), 230-250.
Friedman, A., C. Zimring, and E. Zube (1978). Environmental Design Evaluation. New York: Plenum Press.
Fissore, V. I., Rees, D., & Larsen, L. (2023). Indoor Environmental Quality and Comfort in Offices: A Review. Journal of Building Performance, 15(3), 45-60.
Farah, Shayesteh; Qomeishi, Mohammad; Sotoudeh, Hesamaddin. (2023). Post-Occupancy Evaluation in Buildings: A Literature Review of Current Practices in IRAN. Life Space, 2(3), 0-0.
Farah, Shayesteh; Qomeishi, Mohammad; Sotoudeh, Hesamaddin. (2024). The Impact Of Demographic Factors On Satisfaction with Post-Occupancy Evaluation. Case study: Employees In Government Offices In Bandar Abbas. Journal of Socio-Cultural Changes, 3(21), 0-0.
Job satisfaction among early labor force participants: Unexpected outcomes in public and private sector comparisons. In Public Service (pp. 183-202). Routledge.
Li, P., Froese, T. M., & Brager, G. (2018). Post-occupancy evaluation: State-of-the-art analysis and state-of-the-practice review. Building and Environment, 133, 187-202.
Preiser, W. (2011). Toward universal design performance assessments. Preiser, W. and Smith, K. Universal Design Handbook. London: McGraw-Hill, 38-1.
Preiser, W.F.E., Rabinowitz, H.Z. and White, E.T. (1988). Post-Occupancy Evaluation, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, NY.
Preiser, W.F.E. (1995). Post-occupancy evaluation: how to make buildings work better. Facilities, Vol. 13 No. 11, pp. 19-28.
Preiser, W (2001). the Evolution of post-occupancy Evaluation: Toward BuildingPerformance and Universal Design Evaluation, chapter.2 in Learning from Our Buildings: A State-of-the-Practice Summary of Post-Occupancy Evaluation, Technical Report No 145, Federal FacilitiesCouncil, National Academic Press, Washington, DC.
Preiser, W. F.E and Schramm, U (2005). A conceptual framework for building performance evaluation, chapter 2 in Assessing Building Performance, Editors: WF.E. Preiser & J. C.Vischer, Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, UK.
RIBA, R.S.G. (1991). A research report for the architectural profession. in Duffy, F.W. (Ed.), Architectural Knowledge: The Idea of a Profession, E. & F.N. Spon, London.
Sanoff, Henry (2000). Community Participation Methods in Design and Planning. Wiley.
Steel, B. S., & Warner, R. L. (2018). Job satisfaction among early labor force participants: Unexpected outcomes in public and private sector comparisons. In Public Service (pp. 183-202). Routledge.
Shetaw, M., Albuainain, S., & Qian, H. (2024). A Bibliometric Review of Indoor Environment Quality Research and Its Effects on Occupant Productivity. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 39(2), 115-132.
Taheri, H. (2024). Arcadis's Approach to Post-Occupancy Evaluation. International Journal of Architectural Research, 18(1), 78-95.
Wheeler, G., & Almeida, A. (2006). These four walls: the real British Office. In Creating the Productive Workplace (pp. 385-405). Taylor & Francis.
Zimring, C.M. and Reizenstein, J.E. (1980), Post-occupancy evaluation: an overview, Environment and Behavior, Vol. 12 No. 4, pp. 429-50.
Zimmerman, A.; Martin, M. (2001). Post-occupancy evaluation: Benefits and barriers. Build. Res. Inf, 29, 168–174.
