Exploring the Interplay between EFL Teachers' Professional Identity and Continuous Professional Development: A Phenomenological Study
الموضوعات : Journal of Applied Linguistics StudiesAmir Shoul 1 , Najmeh Maghsoudi 2
1 - Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran
2 - Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran
الکلمات المفتاحية: Teachers' Professional Identity, Continuous Professional Development, Teacher Education, English as a Foreign Language,
ملخص المقالة :
An exponential growth of research interest has been directed towards the significance of teachers' professional identity (TPI) which plays a pivotal role in their teaching practices. The current study was conducted to shed light on the professional identity of Iranian teachers of English as a foreign language (EFL), their common types of continuous professional development (CPD) activities, and the interplay between them. The research design employed in this qualitative study was a phenomenological approach, utilizing purposive sampling to select a group of 11 EFL teachers at a private language institute in Kerman, Iran. The sample consisted of 5 male and 6 female teachers. For data collection, semi-structured interviews were used and thematic analysis, proposed by Braun and Clarke (2006), was implemented for data analysis. The results indicated that Iranian EFL teachers conceptualized their PI in terms of teacher cognition, teacher emotion, participation in communities of practice, teacher biographies, contextual factors, and teacher learning. The findings also revealed that personal and contextual factors affected the engagement of EFL teachers in various types of CPD endeavors. Finally, TPI had a positive impact on teachers' pedagogical knowledge, professionalism, working atmosphere, and personal growth. The study has several multifaceted implications for educators, educational institutions, and policymakers.
Abtahi, T., & Motallebzadeh, K. (2016). Iranian EFL teachers' sense of professional identity and their computer literacy. International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature, 5(2). https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.5n.2p.207
Amin, M., Saukah, A. (2015). Factors contributing to EFL teachers' professional development in Indonesia. Excellence in Higher Education, 6, 12-20.
Beauchamp, C., & Thomas, L. (2009). Understanding teacher identity: An overview of issues in the literature and implications for teacher education. Cambridge Journal of Education, 39(2), 175–189. https://doi.org/10.1080/03057640902902252
Behin, B., Esmaeili, F., & Assadollahi, R. (2018). An English teacher's
professional identity development: The effect of educational policies.
Journal of Modern Research in English Language Studies, 5(2), 19–40.
https://doi.org/10.30479/jmrels.2019.10271.1278
Beijaard , D., Meijer, P. C., & Verloop, N. (2004). Reconsidering research on teachers' professional identity. Teaching and Teacher Education, 20(2), 107–128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2003.07.001
Boyle, B., While, D., & Boyle, T. (2004). A longitudinal study of teacher change: What makes professional development effective? The Curriculum Journal, 15(1), 45–68. https://doi.org/10.1080/1026716032000189471
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101.
Chong, S., Low, E. L., & Goh, K. C. (2011). Emerging professional teacher identity of pre-service teachers. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 36(8), 50–64.
Craft, A. (2000). Creativity across the primary curriculum: Framing and developing practice. Psychology Press.
Crandall, J. (2000). Language teacher education. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 20, 34-55. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0267190500200032
Cross, R. (2018). The subject of Freeman & Johnson's reconceived knowledge base of second language teacher education. Language Teaching Research, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362168818777521
Davin, K. J., Chavoshan, I., & Donato, R. (2018). Images of past teachers: Present when you teach. System, 72, 139-150.
Farrell, T. S. C. (2013). Reflective writing for language teachers. Equinox.
Farrell, T.S.C. (2017). Classroom-oriented research: Why teachers matter. The English Connection, 21(4) 26-27.
Flores, M. A., & Day, C. (2006). Contexts which shape and reshape new teachers' identities: A multi-perspective study. Teaching and Teacher Education, 22 (2), 219-232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2005.09.002
Freeman, J. (2004). Teaching the gifted and talented. Education Today. 54, 17–21.
Ghanizadeh, N. A., & Ostad, N. S. A. (2016). The Dynamism of teachers' identity: The case of Iranian EFL teachers. Sino-US English Teaching, 13(11). https://doi.org/10.17265/1539-8072/2016.11.001
Guskey, T. R. (2002). Professional development and teacher change. Teachers and Teaching, 8(3), 381–391. https://doi.org/10.1080/135406002100000512
Hanna, F., Oostdam, R., Severiens, S. E., & Zijlstra, B. J. (2019). Domains of teacher identity: A review of quantitative measurement instruments. Educational Research Review, 27, 15–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2019.01.003
Hayes, D. N. A., Mills, M., Christie, P., & Lingard, B. (2005). Teachers and schooling making a difference: Productive pedagogies, assessment and performance. Routledge.
Holland, D. C. & Lachicotte, W. (2007). Vygotsky, Mead, and the new sociocultural studies of identity. In H. Daniels, M. Cole, & J. V. Wertsch (Eds.). The Cambridge companion to Vygotsky, Cambridge University Press, 101-135. https://doi.org/10.1017/CCOL0521831040.005
Hong, J. Y. (2012). Why do some beginning teachers leave the school, and others stay? Understanding teacher resilience through psychological lenses. Teachers and Teaching, 18(4), 417–440. https://doi.org/10.1080/13540602.2012.696044
Kanno, Y., & Stuart, C. (2011). Learning to become a second language teacher: Identities-in-practice. The Modern Language Journal, 95(2), 236–252. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4781.2011.01178.x
Karim, A., Shahed, F. H., Mohamed, A. R. Rahman, M. M., & Ismail, S. A. M. M. (2019). Evaluation of the teacher education programs in EFL context: A testimony of student teachers' perspective. International Journal of Instruction, 12(1), 127-146. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2019.1219a
Karimi, M. N., Mofidi, M. (2019). L2 teacher identity
development: An activity theoretic perspective. System, 81, 122-134. doi: 10.1016/j.system.2019.02.006
Kelchtermans, G. (2018). Professional self-understanding in practice: Narrating, navigating and negotiating. In P. Schutz, J. Hong, & D. Cross Francis (Eds.), Research on teacher identity. Springer.
Labbaf, A., Moinzadeh, A., & Dabaghi, A. (2019). Professional identity and teaching quality: The case of Iranian EFL teachers. Journal of English Language Teaching and Learning, 11, 201-225.
Mahmoodarabi, M., Maftoon, P., & Siyyari, M. (2021). Development and validation of an English language teacher professional identity scale (ELTPIS). Issues in Language Teaching, 10(1), 201–237. https://doi.org/10.22054/ilt.2021.59441.579
Miller, A. L., Berlo, J. C., Wolf, B. J., Roberts, J. L. (2018). American encounters: Art, history, and cultural identity. Books and Monographs, 39, https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/books/39
Mohammadi, H., & Izadpanah, S. (2019). A study of the relationship between Iranian learners' sociocultural Identity and English as a foreign language (EFL) learning proficiency. International Journal of Instruction, 12(1), 53-68. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2019.1214a
Njenga, M. (2022). Teacher participation in continuing professional development: A theoretical framework. Journal of Adult and Continuing Education, 29(1), 69–85. https://doi.org/10.1177/14779714221123603
Pazhoman, H. & Sarkhosh, M. (2019). The relationship between Iranian English high
school teachers' reflective practices, their self-regulation and teaching experience. International Journal of Instruction, 12(1), 995-1010. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2019.12164a
Pennington, M. C., & Richards, J. C. (2016). Teacher identity in language teaching: Integrating personal, contextual, and professional factors. RELC Journal, 47(1), 5–23. https://doi.org/10.1177/0033688216631219
Powell, E., Terrell, I., Furey, S., & Scott-Evans, A. (2003). Teachers' perceptions of the impact of CPD: An institutional case study. Journal of In-service Education, 29 (3), 389–404. https://doi.org/10.1080/13674580300200225
Prabjandee, D. (2020). Narratives of learning to become English teachers in Thailand: Developing identity through a teacher education program. Teacher Development, 24 (1), 71–87. https://doi.org/10.1080/13664530.2019.1699155
Richardson, P. W., & Watt, H. M. G. (2006). Who chooses teaching and why? Profiling characteristics and motivations across three Australian universities. Asia-Pacific Journal of Teacher Education, 34(1), 27–56. https://doi.org/10.1080/13598660500480290
Saberi, L., & Sahragard, R. (2019). Designing and validating teachers' professional development scale: Iranian EFL contexts in focus. International Journal of Instruction, 12(1), 16-26. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2019.121102a
Sachs, J. (2003). Teacher professional standards: Controlling or developing
teaching? Teachers and Teaching, 9(2), 175–186.
https://doi.org/10.1080/13540600309373
Trent, J. (2010). Teacher identity construction across the curriculum: Promoting cross-curriculum collaboration in English-medium schools. Asia Pacific Journal of Education, 30(2), 167–183. https://doi.org/10.1080/02188791003721622
Van Lankveld, T. A. M., Schoonenboom, J. I., Volman, M., Croiset, G., & Beishuizen, J. (2017). Developing a teacher identity in the university context: A systematic review of the literature. Higher Education Research & Development, 36(2), 325-342. https://doi.org/10.1080/07294360.2016.1208154
Varghese, M., Morgan, B., Johnston, B., & Johnson, K. A. (2005). Theorizing language teacher identity: Three perspectives and Beyond. Journal of Language, Identity, and Education, 4(1), 21–44. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327701jlie0401_2
Vo, L. T., & Nguyen, H. T. M. (2009). Critical friends group for EFL teacher professional development. ELT Journal, 64(2), 205–213. https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccp025
Wilden, E., & Porsch, R. (Eds.). (2017). The professional development of primary EFL teachers: National and international research. Waxmann Verlag.
Williams, J., & Power, K. (2009). Using core reflection in teacher education. In Australian Teacher Education Association (ATEA), Teacher education crossing borders: Cultures, contexts, communities, and curriculum [Conference-proceeding]. Australian Teacher Education Association (ATEA).
Yazan, B. (2018). Conceptual framework to understand language teacher identities. Second Language Teacher Education, 1(2). https://doi.org/10.1558/slte.24908