تاثیر تنش خشکی و محلول پاشی روی، آهن و منگنز بر خصوصیات کمی و کیفی آفتابگردان رقم هایسان ٣٣
الموضوعات :صابر ديندوست اسلام 1 , سعيد يوسف زاده 2
1 - دانش آموخته كارشناسي ارشد زراعت ، واحد خوي، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي خوي - ايران
2 - استادیار، گروه کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور- ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: آفتابگردان, تنش خشكي, محلول پاشی, آهن, روی,
ملخص المقالة :
به منظور بررسی تاثیر تنش خشکی و محلول پاشی عناصر ریز‌مغذی روی، آهن و منگنز بر خصوصیات کمی و کیفی آفتابگردان روغنی رقم هایسان 33، آزمایشی به صورت طرح کرت‌های یکبار خرد شده در قالب بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال زراعی 1384 در مزرعه تحقيقاتي مرکز تحقيقات کشاورزي استان آذربايجان غربي در شهرستان خوي به اجرا در آمد. تیمار‌های آبیاری شامل، I1 (قطع آبیاری در مرحله گرده افشانی)، I2 (آبیاری کامل هر هشت روز یکبار) و I3 (قطع آبیاری در مرحله ظهور طبق) به عنوان سطوح فاکتور اصلی و مراحل محلول پاشی ریز مغذی‌ها شامل F1 (محلول پاشی در مرحله ظهور طبق)، F2 (محلول پاشی در مرحله اوايل گرده افشانی)، F3 (محلول پاشی در مرحله ظهور طبق و اوايل گرده افشانی) و F0 (بدون محلول پاشی) به عنوان سطوح فاکتور فرعی درنظر گرفته شدند. نتایج نشان داد كه اثرات آبیاری و محلول پاشي بر تمامي صفات مورد مطالعه مانند ارتفاع بوته، قطر طبق، تعداد دانه در طبق، وزن هزار دانه، عملکرد بیولوژیک، عملکرد دانه و روغن تاثیر معنی‌دار داشت. همچنين اثر متقابل آبیاری و مراحل محلول پاشی نيز بر قطر طبق، تعداد دانه در طبق، عملکرد دانه و روغن اثر معنی‌داری نشان داد. كاربرد تیمار I2F3 و I3F0 به ترتيب بيشترين (17/6 و 95/2 تن در هكتار) و کمترین ( 16/2 و 06/1 تن در هكتار) عملكرد دانه و روغن را توليد كردند. كاربرد محلول پاشي اثر تنش خشكي را در اكثر صفات مورد مطالعه بوي‍ژه عملكرد دانه و روغن كاهش داد. در مجموع نتايج نشان دادند كه محلول پاشي عناصر ريز مغذي در شرايط تنش خشكي نقش قابل ملاحظه‌اي در كاهش اثرات سوء تنش خشكي و بهبود عملكرد و اجزاي عملكرد آفتابگردان داشته است.
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