ارزیابی و تحلیل وضعیت آسیبپذیری شهری از منظر پدافند غیرعامل (نمونه موردی: شهر زاهدان)
الموضوعات :
فصلنامه علمی و پژوهشی پژوهش و برنامه ریزی شهری
مهشید محمد ابراهیمی
1
(مربی گروه معماری دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران)
امیر اشنویی
2
(استادیار گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران.)
تاريخ الإرسال : 21 الخميس , جمادى الأولى, 1441
تاريخ التأكيد : 16 الخميس , ذو الحجة, 1441
تاريخ الإصدار : 20 الخميس , رمضان, 1443
الکلمات المفتاحية:
" پدافند غیرعامل",
" شهر زاهدان",
"آسیب پذیری شهری",
ملخص المقالة :
شناخت نیازهای خدماتی شهروندان، نحوه پراکنش کاربریها و تأسیسات حساس و مهم نباید از نگاه برنامهریزان شهری پنهان بماند. امروزه، با شهری کردن فضای نبرد به خصوص در شهرهای بزرگ و کلانشهرها، توجه به امر پدافند غیرعامل به عنوان یک راهحل جهت کاهش آسیبها، افزایش و توانها حائز اهمیت است. هدف تحقیق حاضر ارزیابی و تحلیل وضعیت آسیبپذیری شهری از منظر پدافند غیرعامل در شهر زاهدان با هفت معیار شامل؛ فاصله از ایستگاههای آتشنشانی، دسترسی به مراکز آموزش عالی، اداری، درمانی، کاربری صنعتی، نظامی و تاسیسات شهری است. روش تحقیق توصیفی- تحلیلی و نوع آن کاربردی است. اطلاعات مورد نیاز به روش اسنادی و میدانی گردآوری شده و در نرمافزار SuperDecision (تحلیل شبکه) وزندهی، سپس، در محیط GISنقشهسازی شده است. نتایج یافتهها با استفاده از مدل ANP نشان میدهد که در بین معیارهای مورد مطالعه، بیشترین ارزش وزنی را شاخص دسترسی به مراکز نظامی با وزن 193/. دارد. بعد از آن شاخصهای دسترسی به مراکز درمانی، دسترسی به مراکز اداری، تاسیسات شهری، دسترسی به آموزش عالی، کاربری صنعتی و دسترسی به ایستگاههای آتشنشانی به ترتیب با اوزان 171/.، 152/.، 139/.، 127/.، 117/. و 101/. اولویتهای بعدی را به خود اختصاص دادهاند. بیشترین آسیبپذیری شهر در بخشهای شمال و شمالشرقی شهر به دلیل استقرار مناطق حاشیهنشین و وجود بافتهای فرسوده و مناطق مرکزی شهر به علت دارا بودن تراکم زیاد ساختمانی و تراکم جمعیت بالا میباشد.
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