ملخص المقالة :
چکیده
مقدمه: با توجه به کمبود بارندگی و بیلان منفی سفرههای آب زیرزمینی در سالهای اخیر استفاده از منابع آب نامتعارف مثل پساب‌ها و فاضلاب‌ها برای تغذیه مصنوعی یکی از روشهای مهم مقابله با افت سطح سفره های آب زیرزمینی می باشد. در دشت بروجن-فرادنبه نیز به‌منظور کاهش اثرات خشکسالی بر روی منابع آب زیرزمینی، اقدام به تغذیه مصنوعی آبخوان این دشت با استفاده از پساب تصفیه‌خانه شهر بروجن شده است. لذا پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی تأثیرات نفوذ پساب تصفیه خانه شهر بروجن بر کیفیت منابع آب زیرزمینی این دشت، انجام گرفت.
روش: به منظور بررسی کیفیت پساب و تأثیر آن بر آب پایین‌دست تصفیه‌خانه، از تعداد 15 چاه‌های آب در پایین‌دست و بالادست نمونه‌برداری شد. نمونه‌ها بلافاصله به آزمایشگاه منتقل و آنالیزهایی شامل غلظت عناصر منیزیم، کلسیم، پتاسیم، لیتیم، سدیم، گوگرد، اسکاندیم، سیلسیم، استرانسیم، باریم، کروم و وانادیم بر روی نمونه‌ها انجام شد.
یافته ها: نتایج نشان داد که به جز عناصر کلسیم، پتاسیم و کروم که بین نمونه‌های آب برداشت شده از بالادست و پایین‌دست تصفیه‌خانه از لحاظ آماری تفاوت معنی‌داری وجود نداشت (sig>0.05) اما مقدار سایر عناصر در بین چاه‌های بالادست و پایین‌دست تصفیه‌خانه دارای تفاوت معنی‌داری بودند (sig<0.05). ولی همین مقدار نیز در محدوده استانداردهای تعیین‌شده قرار دارد. هم‌چنین نقشه‌های درون‌یابی شده با روش IDW مربوط به این عناصر نیز نشان‌دهنده همین موضوع بود که بخش‌های شمالی و شمال‌غربی دشت (پایین‌دست تصفیه‌خانه شهر بروجن) دارای پهنه‌هایی با غلظت بالای این عناصر هستند.
نتیجه گیری: مقدار کیفیت آب در بخش‌های شمالی دشت پایین‌تر از بخش‌های جنوبی و بالادست دشت بروجن-فرادنبه است. عوامل مختلفی مثل: ورود پساب از تصفیه‌خانه بروجن، وجود سازنده‌هایی همانند سازندهای آهکی یا وجود سنگ‌های کنگلومرا و ماسه‌سنگ، وجود کانی‌هایی مثل: فلدسپات‌ها، میکاها، کانی‌های رسی، کانی‌های تبخیری (همانند سیلویت، هالیت)، کودهای پتاسیک؛ می‌تواند از دلایل بیش‌تر بودن برخی از عناصر مثل منیزیم و کلسیم در بخش‌های شمالی دشت باشد. با توجه به این موارد کیفیت آب در بخش‌های شمالی پایین‌تر از بخش‌های جنوبی دشت است و مناطق شمالی دشت پتانسیل لازم برای آلودگی را داشته و آسیب‌پذیری آن‌ها نیز نسبت به آلودگی‌ها بیش‌تر است. لذا پایش مداوم و کنترل پساب خروجی تصفیه‌خانه شهر بروجن برای پیشگیری از وقوع برخی مشکلات محیط زیستی مثل بروز بیماری‌های گیاهی و جانوری ناشی از فاضلاب در برنامه‌‌های استفاده از این پساب‌ها در بخش‌های مختلف باید مد نظر قرار گیرد.
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