توسعه الگوریتم SM-SEBAL به منظور محاسبه تبخیر و تعرق واقعی به کمک سنجش از دور
الموضوعات :فرهاد میرزایی 1 , محمدرضا کشاورز 2 , مجید وظیفه دوست 3
1 - دانشیار و عضو هیئت علمی آبیاری و آبادانی دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران
2 - فارغ التحصیل دکتری آبیاری و آبادانی دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران
3 - عضو هیئت علمی مهندسی آب دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه گیلان
الکلمات المفتاحية: سنجش از دور, سبال, تبخیر و تعرق, M-SEBAL, SM-SEBAL,
ملخص المقالة :
روش Sufrace Energy BALance (SEBAL)یکی از پر‌کاربردترین روش‌های تعیین تبخیر و تعرق واقعی به کمک سنجش از دور است. با این حال فرض خطی بودن رابطه اختلاف دما و دمای سطح زمین و نیز استفاده از دو پیکسل گرم و سرد که توسط کاربر شناسایی می‌شوند از نقاط ضعف این روش محسوب می‌شود. روش Modified SEBAL (M-SEBAL) علاوه بر اصلاح این مشکل، دو مفهوم جدید لبه سرد و گرم را جایگزین پیکسل‌های سرد و گرم می‌کند که تاثیر بسزایی در افزایش دقت و نیز خودکارسازی اجرای الگوریتم و عدم نیاز به کاربر ماهر دارد. با این حال تعیین لبه گرم نیاز به محاسبات زیاد و در نتیجه بالا رفتن زمان محاسبه و امکان خطای محاسباتی دارد. در این تحقیق، شکلی ساده شده از روش M-SEBAL با نام Simplified M-SEBAL (SM-SEBAL) توسعه یافته است و نتایج حاصل از اجرای سه روش بر روی بیش از 300 لایه تصویری MODIS با داده‌های لایسیمتری و نیز داده‌های زمینی بیلان انرژی مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه تهران واقع در کرج مقایسه شده است. نتایج حاصل از اجرای سه الگوریتم نشان می‌دهد که الگوریتم SEBAL تبخیر و تعرق را بیش برآورد و دو الگوریتم دیگر آنرا اندکی کم برآورد می‌کنند. بیشترین خطای محاسبه شار گرمای محسوس مربوط به روش M-SEBAL با 87/33 درصد و کمترین میزان خطا مربوط به نتایج روش SEBAL (23/11 درصد) می‌باشد. با این حال حداکثر خطا در مقادیر تبخیر تعرق روزانه در نتایج روش SEBAL (56/3 درصد) و کمترین میزان خطا در روش SM-SEBAL ( 18/1 درصد) مشاهده شد.
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