ساخت، اعتباریابی، رواسازی و هنجاریابی مقیاس نگرش اخلاقی در میان نوجوانان
الموضوعات :ارزو دلفان بیرانوند 1 , خسرو رشید 2
1 - دانشجوی دکتری روانشناسی ترییتی، دانشکده علوم اقتصادی و اجتماعی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران.
2 - دانشیار، گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران.
الکلمات المفتاحية: نگرش, نوجوانان, اخلاق, نگرش اخلاقی, رفتار اخلاقی,
ملخص المقالة :
مقدمه: این پژوهش با هدف ساخت، اعتبار یابی، رواسازی و هنجاریابی مقیاس نگرش اخلاقی در میان نوجوانان انجام شد.
روش: پژوهش در دو مرحله انجام شد. در مرحله نخست (بخش کیفی)، ابتدا منابع و مبانی نظری موجود در زمینه نگرش و نگرش اخلاقی با روش تحلیل محتوا بررسی و مقوله بندی شدند. در مرحله دوم (بخش کمّی)، براساس کدگذاری و تدوین مضامین اطلاعات حاصل از بررسی منابع، یک مقیاس 36 گویه ای برای اندازه گیری 3 عامل شناسایی شده ی شناختی، عاطفی و رفتاری ساخته شد. در این مرحله روش پژوهش توصیفی از نوع همبستگی و جامعه آماری شامل کلیه نوجوانان شهر همدان در سال تحصیلی 1400-1401 بود. اندازه نمونه شامل تعداد 1093 نفر بودند که به شیوه نمونه گیری تصادفی خوشه ای چند مرحله ای انتخاب شدند و مقیاس پژوهشگرساخته را تکمیل کردند. برای بررسی روایی ابزار از روش های تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی و تأییدی، روایی محتوایی، و روایی همزمان و برای بررسی پایایی آن از ضریب آلفای کرونباخ سود برده شد.
یافته‌ها: نتایج تحلیل عامل اکتشافی، مؤلفه‌های شناختی، عاطفی، و رفتاری را به عنوان 3 عامل مقیاس نشان داد. ضریب پایایی ابزار با استفاده از ضریب آلفای کرونباخ برای کل مقیاس 94/0، و برای زیر مقیاس‌های شناختی، عاطفی، و رفتاری به ترتیب 83/0 ،90/0 ، 87/0 به دست آمد. اطلاعات هنجاری این مقیاس گزارش شده است.
نتیجه گیری: بر پایه یافته های پژوهش می توان گفت که مقیاس نگرش اخلاقی از روایی و پایایی مناسبی برخوردار است و می تواند در تمام سازمان ها به کار برده شود.
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