تحلیلی بر راهکارهای مدیریت منابع آب کشاورزی در شرایط خشکسالی در استان آذربایجان غربی

الموضوعات : فصلنامه علمی -پژوهشی تحقیقات اقتصاد کشاورزی

مسلم سواری ¹ , محمد شوکتی آمقانی ²

1 - دانشیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی،‌ دانشکده مهندسی زراعی و عمران روستایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران
2 - استادیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس،‌ تهران،‌ ایران

تاريخ الإرسال : 23 الجمعة , جمادى الثانية, 1442 تاريخ التأكيد : 05 الإثنين , ربيع الأول, 1443 تاريخ الإصدار : 09 الأحد , رجب, 1445

الکلمات المفتاحية: توسعه روستایی, استان آذربایجان غربی, مدیریت اراضی, توسعه کشاورزی, مدیریت آب,

ملخص المقالة :

مقدمه و هدف: یکی از بحران‏های مهمی که امروزه بشر را تهدید می‏کند مسئله بحران کمبود آب است و بخش کشاورزی به عنوان عمده‏ترین مصرف کننده آب باید در فکر ایجاد راهکاری جدید برای جبران کمبودها و اتخاذ راهکارهای مدیریتی ویژه در راستای تولید محصول بیشتر به ازای هر واحد حجمی آب باشد. در این راستا این تحقیق با هدف کلی راهکارهای مدیریت منابع آب کشاورزی در شرایط خشکسالی انجام شد.
مواد و روش‏ها: جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل کلیه کشاورزان کوچک مقیاس در استان آذربایجان غربی بودند. حجم نمونه با استفاده از جدول کرجسی و مورگان 430 نفر از سرپرستان خانوارهای روستایی کوچک مقیاس با استفاده از روش نمونه‏گیری طبقه‏ای چند مرحله‏ای با انتساب متناسب برای مطالعه انتخاب شدند.
یافته‏ ها: نتایج نشان داد مهمترین راهکار در بخش فنی و تکنیکی شامل «استفاده از آبیاری قطره‏ای جهت جلوگیری از تبخیر خاک»، در راهکار مدیریت خاک «تسطیح اراضی جهت آبیاری یکنواخت»، در راهکار مدیریتی «نگهداری بهتر از کانال‏ها و تجهیزات آبیاری»، در راهکار حقوقی - اقتصادی «کاهش یارانه‏های بخش آب و قیمت‏گذاری آن» و در راهکار زراعی «انتخاب ارقامی که با مصرف آب کمتر» بود. همچنین نتایج مدلسازی معادلات ساختاری نشان داد که ترتیب اهمیت راهکارها شامل زراعی، فنی و تکنیکی، مدیریت خاک، حقوقی و مدیریتی می‏باشد.
بحث و نتیجه‏گیری: در این تحقیق به این نتیجه رسیدیم که برای اجرای راهکارهای مدیریت منابع آب، علاوه بر سازمان‏های محلی و مردمی، نقش دولت نیز بسیار مهم است زیرا مدیریت پایدار آب نیازمند راهکارهایی است که فراتر از توان اقتصادی جوامع محلی است.

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