مطالعه ارتباط آلودگی محیط زیستی و رشد کشاورزی در گروهی از کشورهای نفتی و غیرنفتی
الموضوعات :
فصلنامه علمی -پژوهشی تحقیقات اقتصاد کشاورزی
نیوشا نراقی
1
,
رضا مقدسی
2
,
امیر محمدی نژاد
3
1 - گروه اقتصاد، ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
2 - گروه اقتصاد، ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
3 - گروه اقتصاد، ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
تاريخ الإرسال : 16 السبت , ربيع الأول, 1440
تاريخ التأكيد : 20 الأربعاء , رمضان, 1441
تاريخ الإصدار : 24 السبت , ذو الحجة, 1443
الکلمات المفتاحية:
دادههای ترکیبی,
رشد کشاورزی,
کشورهای نفتی و غیر نفتی,
منحنی محیط زیستی کوزنتس,
آلودگی محیط زیستی,
ملخص المقالة :
مقدمه و هدف: مطالعه نوع رابطه آلایندههای محیط زیستی و رشد اقتصادی (منحنی محیط زیستی کوزنتس) در سه دهه اخیر به یک موضوع بحث برانگیز تبدیل شده و همواره مورد توجه اقتصادانان بوده است.
مواد و روشها: با توجه به نقش اساسی بخش کشاورزی در تامین امنیت غذایی، در این مطالعه به شناسایی رابطه بین آلایندههای محیط زیستی (به تفکیک دو نوع گاز آلاینده دی اکسید کربن (CO2) و دی اکسید گوگرد (SO2)) و رشد کشاورزی در گروهی از کشورهای نفتی و غیر نفتی با استفاده از دادههای ترکیبی در یک دوره 12 ساله (2014-2003) پرداخته شد.
یافته ها: نتایج آزمون ایستایی نشان داد که متغیرهای مدل ناایستا میباشند. لذا، برای بررسی وجود هم انباشتگی بین متغیرها، آزمون هم انباشتگی کائو انجام شد. نتایج این آزمون وجود ارتباط بلندمدت بین متغیرها را تایید کرد. براساس آزمون هاسمن نیز مدل اثرات ثابت در مقابل اثرات تصادفی پذیرفته و منحنی محیط زیستی کوزنتس برآورد زده شد. نتایج حاصل از الگوهای برآورد شده موید اعتبار منحنی محیط زیستی کوزنتس برای کشورهای نفتی و غیر نفتی مورد مطالعه میباشد و در واقع، مقدار انتشار گازهای CO2 و SO2 در کشورهای مورد مطالعه، در فرایند افزایش رشد بخش کشاورزی کاهش مییابند. افزون بر آن نتایج محاسبه نرخ حساسیت مقدار انتشار آلایندههای CO2 و SO2 به ارزش افزوده کشاورزی گروههای مورد بررسی نشان داد که کشورهای نفتی ( از جمله ایران) نسبت به کشورهای غیر نفتی دارای حساسیت بالاتری می باشند.
بحث و نتیجه گیری: بر این اساس توجه به کنترل آلایندگی صنایع بالادستی کشاورزی که عمده ترین منابع عرضه نهادههای کشاورزی می باشند، توصیه میگردد.
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