تحلیل اثرگذاری سرمایه‌های توسعه‌ای بر تغییرات سطح توسعه پایدار سکونتگاه‌های روستایی (مطالعه موردی: شهرستان بجنورد)

الموضوعات : فصلنامه علمی برنامه ریزی منطقه ای

علی‌اکبر عنابستانی ¹ (استاد گروه جغرافیای انسانی و آمایش، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.)
علی قربانی ² (دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.)

تاريخ الإرسال : 05 الجمعة , ربيع الثاني, 1442 تاريخ التأكيد : 21 الأحد , محرم, 1443 تاريخ الإصدار : 05 الأحد , محرم, 1445

الکلمات المفتاحية: سرمایه اجتماعی, توسعه پایدار روستایی, معادلات ساختاری, بجنورد, سرمایه‌های توسعه‌ای,

ملخص المقالة :

در دو دهه اخیر مفهوم سرمایه اجتماعی به‌واسطه ارتباطش با مؤلفه‌های بنیادین اجتماعی شامل آگاهی، مشارکت، اعتماد، انسجام و شبکه اجتماعی در راستای توسعه پایدار جوامع به‌ویژه جوامع روستایی مورد تأکید قرار گرفته است، علاوه بر سرمایة اجتماعی جوامع با سرمایه‌هایی همچون سرمایه های فیزیکی، اقتصادی، انسانی، طبیعی و نهادی نیز سر و کار داریم که با هم رابطه متقابل نیز دارند. لذا برای رسیدن به توسعه پایدار روستایی، برخورداری از این سرمایه‌های توسعه‌ای از ضروریات می‌باشد. هدف از انجام تحقیق حاضر ارزیابی درجه اثرگذاری سرمایه‌های توسعه‌ای در توسعه پایدار سکونتگاه‌های روستایی و تحلیل فضایی آن در شهرستان بجنورد است. پژوهش حاضر توصیفی - تحلیلی و نوع آن ازنظر هدف، بنیادی است. برای جمع‌آوری اطلاعات از روش‌های‌ اسنادی و میدانی استفاده شده است. جامعه نمونه 22 روستای بالای 20 خانوار در شهرستان بجنورد است و از مجموع 4849 خانوار ساکن در نقاط روستایی نمونه، با فرمول کوکران، حجم نمونه 298 خانوار محاسبه و این افراد با روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی انتخاب شدند. برای آزمون مدل مفهومی پژوهش و بررسی تأثیر سرمایه‌های توسعه‌ای بر توسعه پایدار سکونتگاه‌های روستایی، از تکنیک حداقل مربعات جزئی و نرم‌افزار Smart PLS استفاده گردید. با توجه به نتایج، ضرایب t بین متغیرهای اصلی پژوهش، بیش از 58/2 بوده یعنی رابطه معنادار و غیرمستقیم است؛ بدین ترتیب انواع سرمایه توسعه‌ای بر توسعه پایدار سکونتگاه‌های روستایی تأثیر مثبت و معناداری دارد و سرمایه اجتماعی با ضریب 0.443 بیشترین تأثیر مستقیم برتوسعه پایدار روستایی را داشته اما در کل، سرمایه اقتصادی با ضریب 918/0 بیشترین و سرمایه طبیعی با ضریب 147/0- کمترین تأثیر را بر توسعه پایدار سکونتگاه‌های روستایی دارد. و متغیر مستقل 93.1 درصد از واریانس متغیر توسعه پایدار روستایی را پیش‌بینی می کنند.

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