تحلیل و رتبه بندی راهکارهای معیشتی مقابله روستائیان با اثرات خشکسالی مطالعه موردی: شهرستان زنجان

الموضوعات : فصلنامه علمی برنامه ریزی منطقه ای

زهرا آربونی ¹ , بهروز محمدی یگانه ² , جمشید عینالی ³ , حسین فراهانی ⁴ , مهدی چراغی ⁵

1 - دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنا‌مه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران.
2 - دانشیار گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران.
3 - دانشیار گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران.
4 - دانشیار گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران.
5 - استادیار گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران.

تاريخ الإرسال : 11 السبت , جمادى الأولى, 1442 تاريخ التأكيد : 12 الإثنين , شوال, 1442 تاريخ الإصدار : 28 الخميس , جمادى الأولى, 1444

الکلمات المفتاحية: استان زنجان, توسعه روستایی, مخاطرات محیطی, تنوع معیشتی,

ملخص المقالة :

بلایای طبیعی غالبا با از بین بردن منایع معیشتی اساسی و جابه جائی افراد از محل کار ، معیشت مردم را مختل می کنند. خشکسالی به عنوان پرهزینه ترین و مخرب ترین مخاطرات طبیعی در اکثر مناطق جهان روی معیشت مردم تاثیر می گذارد.که در این میان خانوارهای ماطق روستایی به علت وابستگی نزدیکی که اقتصاد و معیشت ساکنان این مناطق با محیط طبیعی خود دارند به صورت مستقیم تحت تاثیر پیامدهای ناشی از این پدیده قرار گیرند و موجب افزایش آسیب پذیری آنها می گردد. در بسیاری از مناطق روستایی ، بقاء و یا بهبود زندگی مردم ، تنها با نکیه بر کشاورزی امکان پذیر نیست بلکه اتخاذ طیف وسیعی از راهکارهای معیشتی لازم است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف تحلیل و رتبه بندی راهکارهای معیشتی روستاییان در مقابله با خشکسالی با استفاده از روش رتبه بندی فریدمن، رتبه بندی ORESTEو آزمون کروسکال والیس پرداخته است . نتایج حاصل از آزمون فریدمن بیانگر ان است که تفاوت معناداری بین راهکارهای معیشتی در دهستان های منطقه مورد مطالعه وجود دارد . و در این میان راهکار انجام فعالیت های غیر از بخش کشاورزی با رتبه ( 83/8) و استفاده از فاضلاب صنعتی تصفیه شده جهت آبیاری زمین های زراعی و باغات با رتبه( 81/5) ، بالاترین و پائین ترین میانگین رتبه ای را به خود اختصاص داده اند. نتایج حاصل از مدل ORESTEنشان می دهد که روستاهای چایپاره پائین ، غنی بیگلو و قره پشتلو به ترتیب با رتبه های ( 3/626)، (871)و(4/889) به دلیل داشتن منابع آب ناپایدار مثل قنات و چشمه همچنین دارا بودن وضعیت مطلوب دارایی های مالی ، طبیعی و انسانی در به کار گیری راهکارهای معیشتی در رتبه بالاتری نسبت به دهستان های دیگر قرار دارند.

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