سنجش آثار تنوع فعالیتهای اقتصادی بر سطح رفاه جامعه روستایی (مورد: بخش مرکزی شهرستان کرمان)
الموضوعات :
فصلنامه علمی برنامه ریزی منطقه ای
مریم شمسی
1
,
محمدامین خراسانی
2
,
سید حسن مطیعی لنگرودی
3
1 - کارشناس ارشد جغرافیا و برنامهد ریزی روستایی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
2 - استادیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
3 - استاد گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
تاريخ الإرسال : 02 الثلاثاء , جمادى الأولى, 1440
تاريخ التأكيد : 19 الجمعة , صفر, 1441
تاريخ الإصدار : 27 الإثنين , شعبان, 1441
الکلمات المفتاحية:
رفاه,
خانوارهای روستایی,
فعالیتهای اقتصادی,
شهرستان کرمان,
ملخص المقالة :
روستاها عمدتا دارای اقتصاد تکمحصولی هستند که این امر سبب عقبماندگی از توسعه و پیشرفت میشود. لذا باید به دنبال روشهایی بود که بتوان اقتصاد روستاها را با ایجاد تنوعبخشی در فعالیتهای اقتصادی خانوارهای روستایی پویا و توانمند کرد. روستاهای کشور به علت اتکای شدید بر کشاورزی و درآمدهای حاصل از آن و نداشتن منابع اشتغالی و درآمدی غیر از کشاورزی، دارای اقتصاد ضعیف و آسیبپذیری هستند. پژوهش حاضر به شیوه توصیفی-تحلیلی به بررسی اثرات تنوع فعالیتهای اقتصادی بر رفاه زیستی خانوارهای روستایی در بخش مرکزی شهرستان کرمان پرداخته است. جامعه آماری پژوهش، 8956 خانوار روستایی ساکن در 11روستای بخش مرکزی شهرستان کرمان بودند که به صورت نمونه گیری خوشه ای انتخاب شده و مورد سنجش واقع شدند. از این تعداد، 384 خانوار از طریق نمونهگیری کوکران انتخاب شدند که جهت اطمینان از صحت دادهها به 412 خانوار رسید. دادههای جمعآوری شده نیز از طریق نرمافزار SPSS و از طریق آزمون T تک نمونه، رگرسیون و T مستقل مورد تجزیهوتحلیل قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که همبستگی بالایی بین تنوع اقتصادی و رفاه زیستی وجود دارد و خانوارهای دارای تنوع در فعالیتهای اقتصادی سطح بالاتری از رفاه زیستی را نسبت به خانوارهای فاقد تنوع تجربه میکنند. همچنین براساس آزمون T تک نمونهای، میانگین ابعاد تنوع اقتصادی (تعدد فعالیتهای اقتصادی، امنیت و رضایت شغلی و درآمدی، زمینه سرمایهگذاری) در روستاهای مورد مطالعه در سطح ضعیف بوده و میانگین ابعاد رفاه در مورد متغیرهای(اشتغال و درآمد، فراغت، مشارکت، آموزشوپرورش، بهداشت و توان اقتصادی) در سطح نسبتاً نامطلوب و متغیرهای(سلامت، مسکن، دسترسی و رضایت از زندگی) در سطح مطلوب بوده است.
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