تنوع اکومورفولوژیکی و فیزیولوژیکی جمعیتهای گیاه دارویی درمنه صخره¬ای (Artemisia haussknechtii Boiss.) در رویشگاه‌هاي مختلف مرکز و غرب ایران
الموضوعات :
میلاد جوانمرد
1
,
حسنعلی نقدی بادی
2
,
علی محمدی ترکاشوند
3
,
علی مهرآفرین
4
,
بابک بحرینی نژاد
5
1 - گروه علوم باغبانی و زراعی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
2 - گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه شاهد، تهران، ایران
3 - استاد دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم تحقیقات تهران
4 - مرکز تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی، دانشگاه شاهد، تهران، ایران
5 - بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اصفهان، ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: تنوع مورفوفیزیولوژیکی, درمنه صخرهای, پرولین, کلروفیل, عوامل آب و هوایی, خصوصیات برگ,
ملخص المقالة :
درمنه صخرهای (زاگرسی) با نام علمی Artemisia haussknechtii Boiss. از گیاهان دارویی و ارزشمند بومی ایران و متعلق به جنس درمنه است که مطالعات اندکی بر روی جمعیتهای آن انجام شده است. به همین منظور این مطالعه بر روی تنوع اکومورفولوژیکی و فیزیولوژیکی این گیاه انجام گرفت، به نحوی که 17 جمعیت این گونه از مناطق مرکز و غرب کشور ایران، شامل استان‌های اصفهان، چهارمحال و بختیاری، مرکزی، لرستان و کهگیلویه و بویراحمد جمع‌آوری شد. بر اساس تجزیه به مولفههای اصلی صفات مورفوفیزیولوژیکی، جداسازی بین جمعیت‌ها صورت گرفت. 01/76 درصد تغییرات واریانس مربوط به سه محور اول بود. جمعیتهای درمنه صخرهای بر اساس تجزیه خوشه‌ای در سه گروه اصلی2، 7 و 8 جمعیتی دسته بندی شدند. نتایج نشان داد که ارتفاع گیاه با ارتفاع از سطح دریا دارای همبستگی منفی بود. همچنین طول و عرض برگ با متوسط دمای سالیانه و سرعت باد همبستگی منفی داشتند، ولی با میزان نیتروژن و مواد آلی خاک همبستگی مثبت داشتند. پرولین با متوسط دمای سالیانه همبستگی مثبت و با مواد آلی و نیتروژن خاک همبستگی منفی داشت. میزان اسانس با متوسط مجموع سالیانه ساعات آفتابی دارای رابطه مثبت و با رطوبت نقطه اشباع خاک رابطه منفی داشت. بطور کلی جمعیتهای درمنه صخرهای با تغییرات مورفوفیزیولوژیکی از قبیل تغییر در ارتفاع بوته، ابعاد برگ، پرولین و ... با شرایط محیطی مختلف سازگاری پیدا کرده بودند.
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