برهمکنش بافت¬های بیولوژیکی و امواج الکترومغناطیسی فرکانس پایین
الموضوعات :
1 - گروه مهندسی برق، واحد بوشهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بوشهر، ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: میدان¬های الکتریکی, میدان¬های مغناطیسی, اثرات بیولوژیکی, فرکانس پایین,
ملخص المقالة :
بررسی اثرات بیولوژیکی میدانهای الکترومغناطیسی یک موضوع جذاب برای محققین در سرتاسر دنیا میباشد. باند فرکانسی امواج فرکانس خیلی پایین، صفر تا 30 کیلوهرتز میباشد که برای زندگی انسان بسیار پرکاربرد و مفید است. در این مقاله تلاش میشود اثرات بیولوژیکی حاصل از امواج فرکانس پایین 50 و60 هرتز روی بافتهای بیولوژیکی موجودات زنده بررسی شود. این منابع شامل کامپیوتر، ریشتراش، سشوار و سایر وسایل الکترونیکی و همچنین برخی سیستم ها و تجهیزات مانند خطوط انتقال ولتاژ نیز از منابع فرکانس پایین میباشند. این آثار شامل اثرات گرمایی و غیرگرمایی است که خود به مسائلی مانند اثر بر تشکیل میکرونوکلئوس، اثر بر کروموزوم، فعالیت آنزیم، تکثیر سلول، سرطان خون، اثر روی حافظه و یادگیری، شکسته شدن DNA و اثر روی سیستم عصبی میپردازد. برخی استاندارهای مجاز تابش نیز مانند IEEEو ICNIRP معرفی شده است. همچنین مقادیر استاندارد و نکات پیشگیرانه برای حفاظت در مقابل این امواج و حفظ سلامت انسان بیان شده است.
المصادر:
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[1] F. S. Alqurashi, A. Trichili, N. Saeed, B. S. Ooi, and M.-S. Alouini, “Maritime Communications: A Survey on Enabling Technologies, Opportunities, and Challenges,” IEEE Internet of Things Journal, pp. 1–1, 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2022.3219674.
[2] H. Aliyari, H. Sahraei, S. Gholabi, M.B. Menhaj, M. Kazemi, and Seyed Hossein Hosseinian, “The Effect of Electrical Fields From High-voltage Transmission Line on Cognitive, Biological, and Anatomical Changes in Male Rhesus macaque Monkeys Using MRI: A Case Report Study,” Basic and clinical neuroscience, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 433–442, Jul. 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.32598/bcn.2021.1340.3.
[3] Asaad Shemshadi and Pourya Khorampour, “Novel Electric Field Exposure Control Methods for Multi-Story Buldings Installed in Vicinity of High-Voltage Apparatus Using FEM,” ASEAN Engineering Journal, vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 179–203, Oct. 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.11113/aej.v11.17872.
[4] X. Zhang, “Magnetic Field Parameters and Biological Sample Differences That Lead to Differential Bioeffects,” pp. 1–30, Jan. 2023, doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8869-1_1
[5] P. Stavroulakis, Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Fields. Springer Science & Business Media, 2013.
[6] M. Feychting, A. Ahlbom, and L. Kheifets, “EMF AND HEALTH,” Annual Review of Public Health, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 165–189, Apr. 2005, doi: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.publhealth.26.021304.144445.
[7] G. Vianale, M. Reale, P. Amerio, M. Stefanachi, S. Di Luzio, and R. Muraro, “Extremely low frequency electromagnetic field enhances human keratinocyte cell growth and decreases proinflammatory chemokine production,” British Journal of Dermatology, vol. 158, no. 6, pp. 1189–1196, Jun. 2008, doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2008.08540.x.
[8] C. D’Angelo, E. Costantini, M. A. Kamal, and M. Reale, “Experimental model for ELF-EMF exposure: Concern for human health,” Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 75–84, Jan. 2015, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2014.07.006.
[9] D. Belpomme, L. Hardell, I. Belyaev, E. Burgio, and D. O. Carpenter, “Thermal and non-thermal health effects of low intensity non-ionizing radiation: An international perspective,” Environmental Pollution, vol. 242, pp. 643–658, Nov. 2018, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2018.07.019.
[10] A. Lak, “Evaluation of Biological Effects of Extremely Low Frequency Fields on human body,” The national conference of electrical engineering and computer science of south of Iran, April 2013.
[11] A. Lak and Homayoon Oraizi, “Evaluation of SAR Distribution in Six-Layer Human Head Model,” International Journal of Antennas and Propagation, vol. 2013, pp. 1–8, Jan. 2013, doi: https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/580872.
[12] M. Biesuz, T. Saunders, D. Ke, M. J. Reece, C. Hu, and S. Grasso, “A review of electromagnetic processing of materials (EPM): Heating, sintering, joining and forming,” Journal of Materials Science & Technology, vol. 69, pp. 239–272, Apr. 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2020.06.049.
[13] C. J. Hu and F. S. Barnes, “A simplified theory of pearl chain effects,” Radiation and Environmental Biophysics, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 71–76, Jun. 1975, doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02339811.
[14] http://www.environmentalhealth.ir
[15] http://www.radiologyandphysicalmedicine.es
[16] R. Y. Habash, Electromagnetic radiation and safety, Taylor & Francis Group, 2018.
[17] WHO Magnetic fields, Environmental health criteria, Genova, World Health Orgenization, 1987.
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