اثر تنش شوری بر صفات مرتبط با جوانه‏ زنی کینوا (.Chenopodium quinoa Willd)

الموضوعات :

هادی سالک معراجی ¹ (گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران)
افشین توکلی ² (گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران)
سهیلا غنیمتی ³ (گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران)
پروین کثیرلو ⁴ (گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران)

تاريخ الإرسال : 26 السبت , شوال, 1440 تاريخ التأكيد : 04 الجمعة , ربيع الأول, 1441 تاريخ الإصدار : 24 الإثنين , محرم, 1441

الکلمات المفتاحية:  تنش,  درصد جوانه‌زنی,  سرعت جوانه‌زنی,  تندش,  کلریدسدیم,

ملخص المقالة :

شوری یکی از مهمترین تنش های غیرزنده بوده که سبب کاهش عملکرد گیاهان زراعی می شود. گیاه کینوا اهمیت زیادی در تغذیه انسان داشته و مقاومت بالایی به تنش شوری دارد. به منظور بررسی اثرات تنش شوری بر خصوصیات جوانه زنی رقم Q26 کینوا، آزمایشی به صورت طرح کاملاً تصادفی با چهار تکرار اجرا گردید. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل غلظت های مختلف کلریدسدیم (0 ،4 ،8 ،12 ،16 ،20 ،30 ، 40 دسی زیمنس بر متر) بر خصوصیات جوانه زنی بذر کینوا تحت شرایط آزمایشگاهی بود. شوری اثرات نامطلوبی برصفات مورد مطالعه مانند درصد و سرعت جوانه زنی، طول ساقه چه و ریشه چه، وزن خشک ساقه چه و ریشه چه، نسبت ساقه چه به ریشه چه، یکنواختی جوانه زنی و مدت زمان لازم جهت رسیدن به 50% جوانه زنی داشت. درصد جوانه زنی بین تیمار شاهد تا غلظت 30 دسی زیمنس بر متر از نظر آماری تفاوتی نداشت ولی در غلظت 40 دسی زیمنس بر متر کاهش و به 75% رسید. با افزایش سطوح شوری مدت زمان لازم جهت جوانه زنی 50% بذر، افزایش معنی داری داشت. سرعت جوانه زنی نیز به طور معنی داری تحت تأثیر سطوح شوری کاهش یافت. نسبت ساقه چه به ریشه چه با افزایش شوری تا غلظت 20 دسی زیمنس بر مترکاهش یافت ولی در غلظت 30 دسی زیمنس بر متر به حداکثر رسید. نتایج نشان داد که رقم Q26 کینوا در مرحله جوانه زنی، شوری 30 دسی زیمنس می تواند تحمل نماید. بنابراین می توان عنوان کرد که این رقم مقاومت خوبی تا غلظت 30 دسی زیمنس بر متر کلرید سدیم داشته و می تواند پس از ارزیابی مزرعه ای و با توجه به شرایط اقلیمی مناسب رقم مطلوبی برای کشت در شرایط شور باشد.

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