واکاوی اولین یخبندان پاییزه و آخرین یخبندان بهاره با رویکرد تغییر اقلیم ایستگاه همدید گرگان
الموضوعات : بوم شناسی گیاهان زراعیحسین ایمانی پور 1 , عبدالرضا کاشکی 2 , مینا فیروزیزدی 3
1 - دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد آب و هواشناسی دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری، سبزوار، ایران
2 - گروه آب و هواشناسی دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری، سبزوار، ایران
3 - دانش آموخته کارشناسی آب و هواشناسی دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری، سبزوار، ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: شبیهسازی, تعداد روزهای یخبندان, سناریو, گرمایش جهانی,
ملخص المقالة :
تغییر در تاریخ وقوع اولین یخبندان پاییزه و آخرین یخبندان بهاره، میتواند تهدیدی جدی برای باغداران و کشاورزان باشد. هدف از این مطالعه، اطلاع از نحوه این تغییر در دورهی آینده (2068-2015) نسبت به دورهی پایه (2014-1961) در ایستگاه گرگان بود. بدین منظور دادههای روزانه دمای کمینه ایستگاه گرگان در دورهی پایه از اداره کل هواشناسی استان گلستان دریافت شد. سپس دادههای انسپ و سناریوهای خوشبینانه، حدواسط و بدبینانهی گزارش پنجم هیات بینالدول تغییراقلیم از سایت تغییر اقلیم کانادا بارگیری و با استفاده از نرمافزار SDSM دادههای کمینه دما در دورهی آینده برای سه سناریو مذکور تولید شد. سپس تاریخ شروع و پایان یخبندان به روز ژولیوسی محاسبه و با استفاده از نرمافزار اسمادا با توزیعهای آماری مختلف برازش داده شد و با استفاده از توزیعهای مناسبتر احتمال وقوع روزهای یخبندان محاسبه شد. نتایج این پژوهش بیانگر آن است که دورهی یخبندان در دورهی پایه 75 روز و برای دورهی آینده در سناریوی خوشبینانه 46 روز، در سناریو حدواسط 39 روز و در سناریوی بدبینانه 31 روز است که این نتایج نشاندهنده کاهش معنیدار دورهی یخبندان و افزایش دورهی رشد (رویش) گیاهان در دورهی آینده است که هوشیاری بیشتر برنامهریزان را جهت مقابله با آثار مخرب تغییراقلیم میطلبد
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- Bahiar MB, Khayand Andish M, Zamanian MT (2013) Investigating the effects of climate change on the number of days of the first autumn frost and the last frost of spring in Iran using SDSM scale magnitudes. The 15th and 16th Climate Studies Journal, Year 4. [in Persian with English abstract]
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- Hezhibarpour Q, Alijani B (2007) Analysis of frozen weather in Ardebil province. Geography and Development Quarterly. 5(10): 89-106. [in Persian with English abstract]
- Jahanbakhsh S, Rezaie S, Ghasemi AR, Tadayoni M (2011) Synoptic analysis of spring frost in Tabriz (Case study: Spring cold 2003 and 2004). Geographical Survey Quarterly, 26(3): 102. [In Persian with English abstract].
- Kashki A, Khoshhal J (2013) Investigation of the Role of Polar Vortex in Iranian First and Last Snowfalls. Journal of Geography and Geology. 5)4): 161-168.
- Khosh akhlagh F, Hanafi A, Soltani M (2011) Detection of ice characteristics at Saghez synoptic station. 1(1): 59-66. [In Persian with English abstract].
- Madelin M, G Beltrando (2005) Spatial Interpolation – Based Mapping of the Spring Frost Hazard in the Champagne Vineyards. Meteorological applications 12(1): 51–56.
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- Muller G.V, Nunez M.N and Seluchi M.E (2000) Relationship between ENSO Cycles and Frost Events within the Pampa Humeda Region. International journal of climatology. 20 (13): 1619-1637.
- Seyed Nezhad Gole khatmi N, Rezaei Pejand H (2015) Potential Ice Age Analysis and Its Relationship with Temperature Indices Case Study: Khorasan Razavi Hamadan Station. Water and Soil Journal (Agriculture Sciences and Technology), 29(4): 838-849. [In Persian with English abstract]
- Skaggs K, Irmak S (2015) Long-term trends in air temperature distribution and extremes, growing degree‐days, and spring and fall frosts for climate impact assessments on agricultural practices in Nebraska. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology. 51(11): 2060-2073.
- Tait A, X Zheng (2003) Mapping Frost Occurrence Using Satellite Data. Journal of applied meteorology. 42(2): 193- 203.
- Tavakoli M, Hosseini, M (2006) Evaluation of frost index and its beginning of autumn in Iran (studying Hamadan's Ekbatan station). Iran Meteorological Organization 61: 31-42. [In Persian with English abstract]
- Alijani B, Mahmoudi P, Rigi Khachi E, Khosravi P (2010) Investigating the persistence of freezing days in Iran using the Markov chain model. Natural Geographic Survey 42(73): 1-20. [In Persian with English abstract].
- Babayan (2012) Climate Dialogue. Available on-line as <https:// climate.mihanblog.com/post/4> on 21 April 2018.
- Bahiar MB, Khayand Andish M, Zamanian MT (2013) Investigating the effects of climate change on the number of days of the first autumn frost and the last frost of spring in Iran using SDSM scale magnitudes. The 15th and 16th Climate Studies Journal, Year 4. [in Persian with English abstract]
- Bonsal BR, Zhang X, Vincent LA, Hogg WD (2001) Characteristics of Daily and Extreme Temperatures over Canada. – Climate 4(9): 1959-1976.
- Darand M (2012) Assessment and Recognition of Climate Change in Iran over the past decade. Iran's Watershed. Sciences and Engineering. 30(9). 1-7. [in Persian with English abstract]
- Fallah Ghalhari G, Shakeri F, Nodehi O (2018) The zoning of spatial and temporal distribution of the beginning, the end, and the frequency of freezing in Khorasan Razavi province. Human & Environment 16(1): 13-24. [in Persian with English abstract]
- Hezhibarpour Q, Alijani B (2007) Analysis of frozen weather in Ardebil province. Geography and Development Quarterly. 5(10): 89-106. [in Persian with English abstract]
- Jahanbakhsh S, Rezaie S, Ghasemi AR, Tadayoni M (2011) Synoptic analysis of spring frost in Tabriz (Case study: Spring cold 2003 and 2004). Geographical Survey Quarterly, 26(3): 102. [In Persian with English abstract].
- Kashki A, Khoshhal J (2013) Investigation of the Role of Polar Vortex in Iranian First and Last Snowfalls. Journal of Geography and Geology. 5)4): 161-168.
- Khosh akhlagh F, Hanafi A, Soltani M (2011) Detection of ice characteristics at Saghez synoptic station. 1(1): 59-66. [In Persian with English abstract].
- Madelin M, G Beltrando (2005) Spatial Interpolation – Based Mapping of the Spring Frost Hazard in the Champagne Vineyards. Meteorological applications 12(1): 51–56.
- Martinez M D, Serra C, Burgueno A, Lana X (2010) Time trends of daily maximum and minimum temperatures in Catalonia (ne Spain) for the period. 2004-1957. International Journal of Climatology. 30(1): 267-290.
- Mohammadi H, Gozlukho M (2010) Effect of early autumn and late spring frost on grazing in Karaj city. Geographical Quarterly. 27(7): 93-109. [In Persian with English abstract]
- Muller G.V, Nunez M.N and Seluchi M.E (2000) Relationship between ENSO Cycles and Frost Events within the Pampa Humeda Region. International journal of climatology. 20 (13): 1619-1637.
- Seyed Nezhad Gole khatmi N, Rezaei Pejand H (2015) Potential Ice Age Analysis and Its Relationship with Temperature Indices Case Study: Khorasan Razavi Hamadan Station. Water and Soil Journal (Agriculture Sciences and Technology), 29(4): 838-849. [In Persian with English abstract]
- Skaggs K, Irmak S (2015) Long-term trends in air temperature distribution and extremes, growing degree‐days, and spring and fall frosts for climate impact assessments on agricultural practices in Nebraska. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology. 51(11): 2060-2073.
- Tait A, X Zheng (2003) Mapping Frost Occurrence Using Satellite Data. Journal of applied meteorology. 42(2): 193- 203.
- Tavakoli M, Hosseini, M (2006) Evaluation of frost index and its beginning of autumn in Iran (studying Hamadan's Ekbatan station). Iran Meteorological Organization 61: 31-42. [In Persian with English abstract]