نیمرخ اسیدهای چرب برخی گونه¬های گیاهی تیره چتریان با رویکردی بر روابط کیموتاکسونومی
الموضوعات :
زینب قلی زاده
1
,
مهدی قاسمی
2
,
حمزه علی شیرمردی
3
1 - گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد
2 - گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد
3 - دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری
الکلمات المفتاحية: اسید پتروسلینیک, اسید چرب اشباع, ارتفاع, چتریان, روغن, غیراشباع,
ملخص المقالة :
گیاهان یکی از منابع مهم تأمین کننده¬ی اسیدهای چرب هستند. انواع اسیدهای چرب اشباع و غیراشباع در صنایع غذایی، سلامت، اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی و کموتاکسونومی کاربرد فراوان دارند. این پژوهش با هدف بررسی میزان روغن، نیمرخ اسیدهاي چرب و روابط کموتاکسونومیک برخی گونه¬های گیاهی تیره¬ی چتریان در ایران انجام شد. استخراج روغن توسط روش سوکسوله و جداسازی ترکیبات با دستگاه کروماتوگرافی گازي (GC) پس از مشتق¬سازی به صورت متیل استر انجام شد. تجزيه¬ي خوشه¬اي گونه¬ها با الگوريتم فاصله¬ی بين دو داده و ماتريس تشابه اقليدسي با استفاده از نرم¬افزار PAST 3.17 انجام گرفت. براساس نتایج، میانگین بازده روغن گونه¬های گیاهی بین 1/5 تا 18/26 درصد برآورد شد و همبستگی مثبت بالایی بین ارتفاع از سطح دریای رویشگاه¬ها و بازده روغن وجود داشت. اسید پتروسلینیک (C18:1(n-6)) و پس از آن اسید آلفا-لینولنیک (C18:3(n-3)) ترکیب اصلی اسیدهای چرب همه گونه¬ها بود. اسید اولئیک و اسید گاما-لینولنیک تنها به ترتیب در گونه¬های جنس Ferula و Pimpinella شناسایی شدند. درصد مجموع اسیدهای چرب امگا-3 از 42/10 تا 99/17 بین گونه¬ها متغییر بود. Smyrnium cordifolium، Ferulago angulata، Tetrataenium lasiopetalum و Conium maculatum غنی از اسید پتروسلینیک (60 تا 78 درصد) بودند. دندروگرام شیمیایی براساس 18 اسیدهای چرب با ضریب تشابه بالا جنس¬های Ferula را در یگ گروه و Conium را در یک گروه جداگانه مشابه رده¬بندی گیاه¬شناسی از یکدیگر تمایز داد. نتایج نشان می¬دهد که ترکیب اسید چرب بذرهای برخی از جنس¬های تیره¬ی چتریان می¬تواند همراه با ویژگی¬های مورفولوژیکی و مولکولی، به عنوان یک ابزار جهت برطرف کردن پیچیدگی¬های تاکسونومیکی میان قبیله¬ها و جنس¬های تیره¬ی چتریان در فلور ایران مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.
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