نقش تعیین‌کننده تغذیه در تسریع فرآیند بازتوانی ورزشکاران
الموضوعات :
دانیال تارمست
1
(واحد پرند، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی)
الکلمات المفتاحية: بازتوانی, آسیب ورزشی, کربوهیدرات, پروتئین, چربی, ریزمغذی,
ملخص المقالة :
با توجه به تعدد میزان آسیب دیدگی در ورزش، آسیب دیدگی ورزشی علاوه بر تأثیرات بدنی و روانی بر ورزشکاران، هزینه‌های هنگفتی را به تیم‌ها و فدراسیون‌های ورزشی تحمیل می‌کنند. این هزینه‌ها شامل درمان، جراحی، و دوره‌های طولانی بازتوانی می‌باشد. با این حال، یک برنامه تغذیه‌ای متناسب و دقیق در دوره بازتوانی می‌تواند به کاهش این هزینه‌ها کمک کند، زیرا سرعت بهبودی را افزایش داده، و از آسیب‌های مجدد پیشگیری می‌نماید. در دوره بازتوانی، پروتئین نقش حیاتی در ترمیم بافت‌ها و جلوگیری از تجزیه عضلانی ایفاء می‌کند، و مصرف روزانه 2/1 تا 2 گرم به ازای هر کیلوگرم وزن بدن با تاکید بر اهمیت لوسین توصیه می‌شود. کربوهیدرات‌ها، به عنوان منبع اصلی انرژی، نقش مهمی در تسریع روند بهبودی دارند، به طوری که تقریباً 3 تا 5 گرم بر کیلوگرم وزن بدن یا 55% کالری‌های مصرفی از کربوهیدرات‌های پیچیده تأمین شود. چربی‌ها نیز باید تقریباً ۲۰ تا ۲۵% کالری مصرفی را تشکیل دهند، که معادل 8/0 تا ۲ گرم به ازای هر کیلوگرم وزن بدن در روز می‌باشد. نشان دهده شده است که استفاده از منابع سالم نظیر روغن زیتون، آووکادو و ماهی به کاهش التهاب و پشتیبانی از ترمیم بافت کمک می‌کنند. همکاری میان مربیان، ورزشکاران، و مدیران ورزشی با متخصصان تغذیه ورزشی برای توسعه و اجرای برنامه‌های تغذیه‌ای مناسب، نه تنها به سرعت‌بخشی به فرآیند بازتوانی کمک می‌کند بلکه از هزینه‌های مالی ناشی از آسیب‌دیدگی‌های ورزشی نیز جلوگیری می‌نماید. تغذیه متعادل و هدفمند، شامل مصرف پروتئین کافی، کربوهیدرات‌های پیچیده و چربی‌های سالم بوده، که اساس بازگشت سریع‌تر ورزشکاران به سطوح عملکردی بالا را فراهم می‌آورد، و به کاهش دوره‌های بازتوانی و هزینه‌های مرتبط کمک می‌کند. با توجه به تعدد میزان آسیب دیدگی در ورزش، آسیب دیدگی ورزشی علاوه بر تأثیرات بدنی و روانی بر ورزشکاران، هزینه‌های هنگفتی را به تیم‌ها و فدراسیون‌های ورزشی تحمیل می‌کنند. این هزینه‌ها شامل درمان، جراحی، و دوره‌های طولانی بازتوانی می‌باشد. با این حال، یک برنامه تغذیه‌ای متناسب و دقیق در دوره بازتوانی می‌تواند به کاهش این هزینه‌ها کمک کند، زیرا سرعت بهبودی را افزایش داده، و از آسیب‌های مجدد پیشگیری می‌نماید.
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