تاثیر حشره کش های غیرشیمیایی مختلف بر کنترل پسیل معمولی پسته (Agonoscena pistaciae) در مطالعات موردی
الموضوعات :
نجمه عظیمی زاده
1
(عضو هیئت علمی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد رفسنجان)
الکلمات المفتاحية: آفت کش گیاهی, آفت‌کش معدنی, پسیل معمولی پسته, کنترل,
ملخص المقالة :
پسیل معمولی پسته، Agonoscena pistaciae آفت کلیدی باغات پسته در کشور ایران می باشد. اهمیت این آفت در حدی است که باغداران به ناچار برای مبارزه با آن از سموم شیمیایی در مقدار زیاد استفاده می کنند و این موضوع، علاوه برآلودگی زیست محیطی، باعث از بین رفتن دشمنان طبیعی می شود و در دراز مدت می تواند باعث طغیان آفات باغات پسته شود. آفت¬کش¬های سازگار با محیط زیست که دارای منشأ طبیعی هستند، قادرند بدون اثر سمی و زیان آور به محیط زیست به طور مؤثری آفات را نابود کنند و با بکارگیری صحیح قادرند موجب کاهش قابل ملاحظه مصرف سموم شوند، لذا با توجه به کم خطر بودن حشره کش های غیرشیمیایی برای انسان و محیط زیست و برتری این ترکیبات نسبت به ترکیبات شیمیایی در برابر وقوع پدیده مقاومت آفت نسبت به حشره کش های شیمیایی در این پژوهش ها اثرات حشره کشی ترکیبات معدنی گوگرد جامد، لایم سولفور، اسید بوریک، کائولین، سورفکتانت غیریونی و سیلیکات پتاسیم و ترکیبات گیاهی مانند ماترین، گل جعفری، خارخسک و... روی پوره های پسیل پسته مورد بررسی و پژوهش قرار گرفت. این پژوهش ها در قالب طرح بلوک کاملا تصادفی و در شرایط باغ و آزمایشگاه انجام شد. این ترکیبات با غلظت ها و بازه های زمانی مشخص، مورد آزمایش قرار گرفت و نتایج نشان داد که تأثیر زیادی روی کنترل جمعیت پسیل پسته داشته است. بنابراین آفت‌کش‌های مورد استفاده می‌توانند کنترل قابل قبولی در مدیریت تلفیقی پسیل معمولی پسته داشته باشند.
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