An Export Performance Model for the Industry of Flower and Ornamental Plants in Mazandaran Province by Using the Grounded Theory Approach
الموضوعات :نرگس مهدئی 1 , فانیمجید فانی 2 , Majid Fattahi 3
1 - دستیار پژوهشی دانشگاه
2 - استادیار، گروه مدیریت بازرگانی، واحد بابل، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بابل، ایران
3 - Assistant professor, Department of Management, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran
الکلمات المفتاحية: ornamental plants, infrastructure, Mazandaran Province, Grounded Theory, Export development,
ملخص المقالة :
Despite the fact that Mazandaran province is one of the important hubs of flower and plant production in Iran, has a high potential for flower and plant production and is adjacent to most consumer countries in the world (e.g., Russia), it does not play a significant role in the field of export. So, this research aimed to design an export development model for the industry of ornamental plants and flowers in Mazandaran province using a qualitative approach. Data required were collected with in-depth semi-structured interviews. The interviewees included 16 experts and activists of the export of ornamental plants and flowers in Mazandaran province who were selected by the snowball method based on the theoretical saturation index. The data were analyzed and the conclusions were drawn by the grounded theory approach which provides a limited theory. The data analysis was performed in three stages: open, axial, and selective coding. The paradigmatic model derived from the findings of the research includes causal conditions, strategies and consequences, intervening conditions, and contextual conditions. The analysis of the data showed that the model for the development of the export of ornamental plants and flowers from Mazandaran province is composed of 19 factors including export hydrocephalus, technology, and experience and commitment as causal conditions, management capabilities, export terminal, targeted modeling (leading countries benchmark), networking, processing, competitive strategies, export marketing and branding, and hard and soft infrastructures as strategies, business diplomacy and sustainable economic growth as consequences of implementation of strategies, business environment and formalization-centralization of export structure as contextual conditions, and finally global red ocean and global evolution as intervening conditions. How they relate to each other is presented in the final model.
Azarkish, P., Hoseini, A.H., Irani, O., & Mohammadi, R. (2015). Investigation the natural capacities of infrastructures for the development of the flower and ornamental plants industry (Case study: Iran and Kenya). 4th Conference of the Iranian Islamic model of progress, 20-21 May 2015, Tehran, Iran.
Azizi, V., Mehregan, N., & Yavari, G.H. (2015). The role of supportive policies in the export development of Iranian agricultural products. Journal of Economic Research and Agricultural Development, 46 (1), 107-119.
Banihashemi, A., & Saghafi, M. (2016). Analysis of export development strategies to Central Asian countries in line with the sixth development plan using SWOT strategy. Business Reviews, 14(77), 16-28.
Benguria, F. (2021). The matching and sorting of exporting and importing firms: Theory and evidence. Journal of International Economics, 131, 103430.
Danaeefard, H., & Eslami, A. (2010). Discovering theory of organizational indifference: a grounded theory strategy. European Journal of Scientific Research, 40(3), 450-460.
Edo, S. & Dading, I.F. (2020). Growing external dept and declining export: The concurrent impediments in economic growth of Sub-Saharan African countries. Journal of International Economics, 161, 173-187.
Gilbert, N.A., Linyong, S.G., & Divine,.M. (2013). Impact of agricultural export on economic growth in Cameroon: Case of banana, coffee and cocoa. International Journal of Business and Management Review, 1(1), 44-71.
Haddoud, M.Y., & Jones, P. (2021). Deteminants of SMEʼs export entry: A systematic review of the literature. Journal of Business Research, 125(1), 262-278.
Hu, C., & Tan, Y. (2016). Export spillovers and export performance in China. China Economic Review, 41, 75–89.
Information system of Jihad Agricultural organization of the Islamic Repablic of Iran.
Khorshidi, G.H., Hajipour, B., Azizi, S.H., & Eidani, H. (2017). Designing and explaining the export development model in free trade zones. Journal of Commercial Research, 83(2), 35-65.
Mahindarathne, M. G. P. P., & Min, Q. (2018). Developing a model to explore the information seeking behaviour of farmers. Journal of Documentation, 74(4), 781-803.
Makri, K., Theodosiou, M., & Katsikea, E. (2017). An empirical investigation of the antecedents and performance outcomes of export innovativeness. Journal of International Business Review, 26, 628-639.
Moghaddam, F. M., & Foroughi, F. (2012). The influence of marketing strategy elements on market share of firms. International Journal of Fundamental Psychology and Social Sciences, 2(1), 19-24.
Morgan, N. A., Katsikeas, C. S., & Vorhies, D.W. (2012). Export marketing strategy implementation, export marketing capabilities: an export venture performance. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 40, 271–289.
Moshabaki, A., & Khademi, A. (2012). The role of export development programs on export performance development of firms. Management Improvement, 6(3), 98-135.
Navarro, G.A., Arenas, G.J., & Rey, M.M. (2016). Global model of export performance: Moderator role of export department. Journal of Business Research, 69(5), 1880-1886.
Nemkova, E., Souchon, A.L., & Hughes, P. (2012). Export decision-making orientation: an exploratory study. International marketing review, 29(4), 349-378.
Nezami, M.A., Mira, A., & Nikookar, G.H. (2013). Explanation of factors affecting the export of flowers in Iran: A case study in Alborz province. European Online Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 2(3), 3217-3228.
Nourozi, G.H., Zamanian, A., & Hashemian, A.A. (2006). Investigation the production and export marketing barriers of flowers and plants in Mazandaran province. 5th Iran Agricultural Economics Association Sistan and Baluchestan University.
Ozkan, B., Çelikyurt, M.A., Karagüzel, O., & Akkaya, F. (2003). Production structure and main marketing problems of export oriented cut flower industry in turkey. www.actahort.org.
Schulz, N. (2020). The politics of export restrictions: A panel data analysis of African commodity processing industries. World Development, 130, 104904.
Shamsuddoha, A. K., & Yunus Ali, M. (2006). Mediated Effects of Export Promotion Programs on Firm Export Performance. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 18(2), 93-110.
Shokat Fadaei. M., Khaledi, M., Sorori, M., & Ardestani, M. (2014). Investigating and comparing the comparative export advantage of cutted branch flowers in Iran and major exporting countries. Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development, 87(3), 111-124.
Straus, A., Corbin, J. (2008). Basics of Qualitative Research: Techniques and Procedures for Developing Grounded Theory, Third Edition, Los Angeles: Sage Publications.
Strauss, A. L. (1987). Qualitative Analysis for Social Scientists. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.
Wang, H., & Ma, H. (2018). Export strategy, export intensity and learning: Integrating the resource perspective and institutional perspective. Journal of World Business, 53, 581-592.
Zamanian, A. (2009). Analysis of the production and export marketing of Iranian flowers and plants and the presentation of effective strategies using a mixed marketing model (Case study of Mazandaran province). Journal of Business Studies, 39, 32-49.
