The Effect of Packaging Covers and Gaseous Composition on Maintaining the Postharvest Quality of Marigold
الموضوعات : مجله گیاهان زینتیDavoud Ataii 1 , Rohangiz Naderi 2 , Mesbah Babalar 3 , Mohammad Mousavi 4
1 - Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
2 - Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
3 - Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
4 - Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
الکلمات المفتاحية: Bioactive compounds, plastic cover, edible flowers, Modified atmosphere packaging, Visual quality,
ملخص المقالة :
Marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) is also known as one of the common edible flowers. In this study, the improvement of nutritional value and shelf life of marigolds under the covers of packaging and gaseous composition was investigated. Marigold flowers in plastic packages made of polyethylene, polyamide, and the combination of these two covers with gas composition (1: 5% O2 + 5% CO2; 2: 5% O2 + 10% CO2; 3: 5% O2 + 20% CO2) or without gas combination were placed along with the control (without packaging). These packages were transferred to the cold store at 4°C, and sampling was done to evaluate the desired traits on days 0, 5, 10, and 15. The results showed that with the increased storage time in all edible marigold flowers, the amount of weight loss, ion leakage, and decay increased, and the relative water content (RWC), total phenol, flavonoids, and carotenoids decreased. At the same time, using polyethylene and polyamide packaging treatment, along with gaseous composition, improved the visual and nutritional quality of flowers. Among all the treatments, the combination treatment of 5% O2 + 10% CO2 and polyethylene + polyamide coating had better effects in maintaining the quality and increasing the shelf life of the edible marigold flowers. As a result, considering the nutritional and medicinal value of the marigold flowers, this treatment can be used as an effective and safe method to increase the shelf life and maintain the appearance quality and biochemical compounds of this plant.
Aquino‐Bolaños, E. N., Urrutia‐Hernández, T. A., López Del Castillo‐Lozano, M., Chavéz‐Servia, J. L. and Verdalet‐Guzmán, I. 2013. Physicochemical parameters and antioxidant compounds in edible squash (Cucurbita Pepo) flower stored under controlled atmospheres. Journal of Food Quality, 36(5): 302-308.
Barros, R. G. C., Andrade, J. K. S., Pereira, U. C., de Oliveira, C. S., Rezende, Y. R. R. S., Silva, T. O. M. and Narain, N. 2020. Phytochemicals screening, antioxidant capacity and chemometric characterization of four edible flowers from Brazil. Food Research International, 130: 108899.
Brand-Williams, W., Cuvelier, M. E. and Berset, C. L. W. T. 1995. Use of a free radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 28(1): 25-30.
Chang, C. C., Yang, M. H., Wen, H. M. and Chern, J. C. 2002. Estimation of total flavonoid content in propolis by two complementary colorimetric methods. Journal of Food and Drug Analysis, 10 (3):178-182. https://doi.org/10.38212/2224-6614.2748
Conte, A., Scrocco, C., Brescia, I. and Del Nobile, M. A. 2009. Packaging strategies to prolong the shelf life of minimally processed lampascioni (Muscari comosum). Journal of Food Engineering, 90 (2): 199-206.
Daş, E., Gürakan, G. C. and Bayındırlı, A. 2006. Effect of controlled atmosphere storage, modified atmosphere packaging and gaseous ozone treatment on the survival of Salmonella enteritidis on cherry tomatoes. Food Microbiology, 23(5): 430-438.
Fadda, A., Palma, A., Azara, E. and D'Aquino, S. 2020. Effect of modified atmosphere packaging on overall appearance and nutraceutical quality of pot marigold held at 5 °C. Food Research International, 134: 109248.
Fagundes, C., Moraes, K., Pérez-Gago, M. B., Palou, L., Maraschin, M. and Monteiro, A. R. 2015. Effect of active modified atmosphere and cold storage on the postharvest quality of cherry tomatoes. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 109: 73-81.
Fernandes, L., Casal, S., Pereira, J. A., Saraiva, J. A. and Ramalhosa, E. 2017. Edible flowers: A review of the nutritional, antioxidant, antimicrobial properties and effects on human health. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 60: 38-50.
Hamzeh-Kalkenari, S., Bodaghi, H. and Ghasimi Hagh, Z. 2021. Improving postharvest quality of button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) using polyethylene-clay nanocomposite packing and Echinophora cinerea essential oil coating. Iranian Food Science and Technology Research Journal, 17(2): 315-328. doi: 10.22067/ifstrj.v17i1.83935
Hong, J. H., Mills, D. J., Coffman, C. B., Anderson, J. D., Camp, M. J. and Gross, K. C. 2000. Tomato cultivation systems affect subsequent quality of fresh-cut fruit slices. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 125(6): 729-735.
Kelley, K. M., Cameron, A. C., Biernbaum, J. A. and Poff, K. L. 2003. Effect of storage temperature on the quality of edible flowers. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 27(3): 341-344.
Khalid, K. A. and da Silva, J. T. 2012. Biology of Calendula officinalis Linn. focus on pharmacology, biological activities and agronomic practices. Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Science and Biotechnology, 6(1): 12-27.
Koike, A., Barreira, J. C., Barros, L., Santos-Buelga, C., Villavicencio, A. L. and Ferreira, I. C. 2015. Edible flowers of Viola tricolor L. as a new functional food: Antioxidant activity, individual phenolics and effects of gamma and electron-beam irradiation. Food Chemistry, 179: 6-14.
Kou, L., Turner, E. R. and Luo, Y. 2012. Extending the shelf life of edible flowers with controlled release of 1‐Methylcyclopropene and modified atmosphere packaging. Journal of Food Science, 77(5): S188-S193.
Lee, Y. C., Chang, C. W., Hsu, M. C., Chung, H. Y. and Liang, Y. S. 2023. Effects of different concentrations of oxygen used for storage on the postharvest physiology and quality of wax apple (Syzygium samarangense [Blume] Merr. & LM perry cv. pink). Scientia Horticulturae, 313: 111906.
Leja, M., Mareczek, A., Starzyńska, A. and Rożek, S. 2001. Antioxidant ability of broccoli flower buds during short-term storage. Food Chemistry, 72(2): 219-222.
Loaiza, J. and Cantwell, M. 1997. Postharvest physiology and quality of cilantro (Coriandrum sativum L.). HortScience, 32(1): 104-107.
Marchioni, I., Taglieri, I., Dimita, R., Ruffoni, B., Zinnai, A., Venturi, F. and Pistelli, L. 2022. Postharvest treatments on sensorial and biochemical characteristics of Begonia cucullata Willd edible flowers. Foods, 11(10): 1481.
Meilgaard, M., Civille, G. V. and Carr, B. T. 1991. The quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA®) method (Tragon Corp.). Sensory evaluation techniques. 2nd ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press LLC. P: 193-194.
Pal, S., Kumar Ghosh, P. and Bhattacharjee, P. 2016. Effect of packaging on shelf-life and lutein content of marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) flowers. Recent Patents on Biotechnology, 10(1): 103-120.
Palma, A., Muntoni, M. and D’Aquino, S. 2023. Influence of modified atmosphere packaging on post-harvest physiology, overall quality, and bioactive compounds during cold storage and shelf-life of' Tondo Nero'figs (Ficus carica L.). Food Packaging and Shelf Life, 35: 101030.
Pêgo, R. G., Fiorini, C. V. A., Deco, T. A. D., Coneglian, R. C. C., Xavier, M. C. G. and Ferreira, W. P. C. 2022. Postharvest of edible flowers. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, 57. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1678-3921.pab2022.v57.02953
Roberts, M. J. 2000. Edible & medicinal flowers. New Africa Books, 2000 - Botany, Medical. 160 pages.
Singleton, V.L. and Rossi, J.A. 1965. Colorimetry of total phenolics with phosphomolybdic-phosphotungstic acid reagents. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 16 (3): 144-158.
Soroori, S., Danaee, E., Hemmati, K. and Ladan Moghadam, A. R. 2021. Metabolic and enzymatic responses of Calendula officinalis L. to foliar application of spermidine, citric acid and proline under drought stress in a postharvest condition. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 23(6): 1339-1353.
Weatherley, P. 1950. Studies in the water relations of the cotton plant. I. The field measurement of water deficits in leaves. New Phytologist, 1: 81-97.
Wiktorowska, E., Długosz, M. and Janiszowska, W. 2010. Significant enhancement of oleanolic acid accumulation by biotic elicitors in cell suspension cultures of Calendula officinalis L. Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 46(1): 14-20.
Yang, T. D., Chen, Y. L., Zeng, F. K., Ye, M. Q., Wang, L., Luo, Z. and Chen, F. P. 2022. Effects of modified atmosphere packaging on the postharvest quality of mulberry leaf vegetable. Scientific Reports, 12(1): 10893.
