مصرف انرژی و انتشار کربن معادل در چرخه حیات جداره‌های خارجی متداول مسکن شهری، رهیافتی در توسعه پایدار انرژی (مطالعه موردی: مناطق شهر سنندج)
الموضوعات :ایوب مرادخانی 1 , نیلوفر نیک قدم 2 , منصوره طاهباز 3
1 - دانشجوی دکتری معماری، گروه معماری، واحد تهران جنوب، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
2 - استادیار، گروه معماری، واحد تهران جنوب، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
3 - دانشیار، گروه معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: توسعه پایدار انرژی, انرژی نهفته, انرژی دوره بهره‌برداری, آلاینده‌های زیست‌محیطی,
ملخص المقالة :
پایداری انرژی در چارچوب توسعه پایدار محقق می‌شود. دستیابی به اهداف سیاست پایدار انرژی، یعنی تأمین امنیت، حفاظت محیط‌زیست و رشد اقتصادی، درگرو بهبود بهره‌وری انرژی است. در این راستا، پژوهش حاضر با توجه به سهم عمده مصرف انرژی در ایران توسط ساختمان‌های مسکونی، باهدف شناسایی و مقایسه تطبیقی جداره‌های خارجی متداول مسکن شهری، در قالب روشی بهره گرفته از چرخه حیات ساختمان در پی ارزیابی انرژی نهفته و آلاینده‌های زیست‌محیطی در دوره تولید و همچنین انرژی مصرفی دوره بهره‌برداری است. با توجه به رویکرد تحلیلی-توصیفی پژوهش، پس از تشریح مبانی مرتبط، نخست با روش دلفی و تحلیل سلسه مراتبی AHP فازی به شناسایی و پهنه‌بندی میزان فراوانی جداره‌های خارجی متداول مسکن در مناطق سه‌گانه شهر سنندج اقدام شد. سپس به سنجش مصرف انرژی نهفته دوره تولید با داده‌های موجود و انرژی دوره بهره‌برداری با استفاده از مدل-سازی و شبیه‌سازی یک بلوک شهری در نرم‌افزار Design Builder با توجه به متغیرهای مربوطه مبادرت ورزیده شد. تفسیر یافته‌ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار SPSS و تحلیل آماری ANOVA و همچنین آزمون Duncan برای مقایسه طبقه‌بندی‌ها، حاکی از رابطه معنی‌دار در سطوح انرژی نهفته دوره تولید و بهره‌برداری بین جداره‌ها و گستره آن در مناطق سه‌گانه شهر سنندج است. سهم بسیار پایین انرژی اولیه دوره نهفته در برابر دوره بهره‌برداری در مقایسه سه منطقه شهری به ترتیب 01/2، 87/1 و 86/1 سال از دوره حیات ساختمان است. نتایج پژوهش، وضعیت نامطلوب و الزام برنامه‌ریزی در سطح مدیرت شهری در خصوص کاربست جداره‌های خارجی مسکن مناطق سه‌گانه شهر سنندج را تأکید می‌کند.
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