تحلیل اثرات اجتماعی- اقتصادی گردشگری تجاری بر شهرهای مرزی (مطالعه موردی: شهرهای بانه وسردشت)
الموضوعات :
علی شماعی
1
(دانشیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران)
اسماعیل علی اکبری
2
(دانشیار، جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، داشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران)
علی موحد
3
(دانشیار، جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران)
علی احمدی
4
(دانشجوی دکترا، جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران)
الکلمات المفتاحية: گردشگری شهری, بانه, گردشگری تجاری, سردشت, بازتاب اقتصادی, بازتاب اجتماعی,
ملخص المقالة :
گردشگری تجاری فعالیتی است که در ادوار تاریخ اثرات متعددی بر اوضاع اقتصادی، اجتماعی، فرهنگی شهرها داشته است. شهرهای مرزی به عنوان دروازه های مبادلاتی نقش مهمی در تجارت محلی و منطقه ای دارند و گردشگری تجاری می تواند نقش بسزایی در توسعه این مناطق ایفا کند. در سالهای اخیر شهرهای بانه و سردشت علاوه بر تجارت مرزی به عنوان شهر گردشگری تجاری شناخته می شوند. هدف از این پژوهش بررسی اثرات گردشگری تجاری بر وضعیت اقتصادی،اجتماعی و فرهنگی بر اساس ادراک کارشناسان ساکن در شهرهای مورد مطالعه است. تحقیق از نوع کمی و تحلیل آن با استفاده از فرآیند تحلیل سلسله مراتبی انجام شده است. با توجه به یافته ها و تحلیل مدل AHP مشخص شد که گردشگری در بعد اقتصادی باعث افزایش اشتغال مستقیم و غیرمستقیم افزایش درآمد ملک شده است. همچنین باعث رشد جمعیت ناشی از مهاجر پذیری و کاهش مهاجرفرستی شده است. در پی این تحولات و رشد گردشگری بر درآمد مردم افزوده شده است. همچنانکه از نتایج تحلیل AHP نیز مشاهده می شود افزایش درآمد در میان متغیرهای اقتصادی رتبه چهارم را داشته و درشهر سردشت وزن این متغیر 098/0 و در شهر بانه 102/0 می باشد. به منظور توسعه پایدار در ابعاد اقتصادی و اجتماعی می توان با اتخاذ سیاست ها و برنامه های مناسب گردشگری تجاری توسعه پایدار را محقق ساخت.
Aminian, A. (2012). Environmental Performance Measurement of Tourism Accommodations in the Pilgrimage Urban Areas: The Case of the Holy City of Mashhad, Iran, Asia Pacific International Conference on Environment-Behavior Studies, Salamis BayConti Resort Hotel, Famagusta, North Cyprus, 7-9 December 2011, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 35 , 514 – 522. (In Persian)
Ashworth, G.J. (1989). Urban tourism: an imbalance in attention. Inc. Cooper (Ed.), Progress in Tourism, Recreation and Hospitality Management, 1, 33-54, London: Belhaven
Balaguer, J., & Cantavella-Jordá, M. (2002). Tourism as a Long-run economic Growth. Applied Economics, 34 (7), 877-884.
Brown, G. (2002). Taking the pulse of Olympic sponsorship. Event Management, 7 (3),187-196.
Budeanu, A. ( 2005). Impacts and responsibilities for sustainable tourism: a tour operator's perspective. Journal of Cleaner Production, 13, 89-97
Crossley, J C., Jamieson, L. M., & Brayley ,R. E.(2012). Introduction to commercial recreation and Tourisman Entrepreneurial Approach. SAGMore publishing, Sixth edition
Dodds, R. E. (2001). Promoting urban green tourism: The development of the other map of Toronto. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 7 (3), 261-267.
Donald, E., H., & Shaun, M.( 2007) The World Bank’s Role in Tourism Development. Annals of Tourism Research, 34 (2), 348-363
Ebrahimnia Samatosh, S., Khaksari, A., Latifi, G., & Damadi, M. (2013). Evaluation of Urban Tourism Role in Environmental Development of Babolsar City. Economics and Urban Management, 5 (3), 17-31 (In Persian)
Eccles G, Costa J, 1996, Perspectives on tourism development, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 8( 7): 44-51
Eccles G., & Costa J. ( 1996). Perspectives on tourism development. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 8 (7), 44-51.
Font X., & Ahjem, Tor E. ( 1999). Searching for a Balance in Tourism Development Strategies. international journal of contemporary hospitality management, 11 (2-3), 73-77.
Foster, D. (1997). Measuring Customer Satisfaction In The Tourism Industry. International& Sixth National Research Conference on Quality Management, The Centre for Management Quality Research at RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria Australia.
Gartner, W. C. (1996). Tourism Development, Principles, Processes & Policies. New York, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Ghodami, M., & Aliqelizadeh Firouzjaei, N. (2012). Evaluation of the Development of Destination Tourism in the Framework of Sustainability. Geographical Quarterly Journal, 27 (1), 79 104. (In Persian)
Haber, S., & Lerner, M. (1998) Correlates of Tourist Satisfaction. Annals of TourismResearch, 25 (4), 197-201
Haji Nejad, A., Pourtaheri, M., & Ahmadi, A. (2009). The Effects of Business Tourism on the Urban Space Development of Urban Areas, Case Study of Baneh City. Journal of Human Geography Research, 70, 91-109. (In Persian)
Jarvis , D. Stoeckl , N., & Liu, H.B. (2016). The impact of economic, social and environmental factors on trip satisfaction and the likelihood of visitors returning. journals of Tourism Management, 52 , 1-18
Khaksepari, A., Ebrahim Nia Sam Akhosh, S., Damadi, M., & Moazzez, V. (2013). Tourism Planning and Development Magazine, 2010, 7, 126-147. (In Persian)
Khani, F., Ghasemi, A., & Khodadad Hosseini, H. (2009). The Impact of Ethnic Tourism Development on Socio-Cultural Issues of the Society (Case Study of Tourism Destinations in Kermanshah Province), Urban Management, 26, 163- 180. (In Persian)
Kin H. (2004) The Southern Sound (Nanyin): Tourism for the PreservationandDevelopment of Traditional Arts, Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 9 (4), 373-382.
Law, C. M. ( 2002). The tourist city review, Urban studies, 37 (7), 301-321.
Lee, J. (1999). Tourism and Development in the Third World, translated by Abdolreza Roknaddin Eftekhari and Masoumeh Sadat Salehi Amini, commercial publishing. (In Persian)
Liue, Z. (2003). Sustainable tourism development: A critique. GEOGRAFIA OnlineTM, Journal of sustainable tourism, 11(6), 459-475.
Mahdavi, M. et al. (2008). Tourism Impact on Rural Development by Polling the Villagers in the Valley of Ken and Sulaghan. The Village and Development Quarterly, 11 (20). (In Persian)
Mason, P. (1995). Tourism: Environment and Development Perspectives. Godalming, UK, World Wide Fund for Nature.
Mason, P. (2003). Tourism Impacts, Planning and Management. Butterworth Heinman
Mohammadi Yeganeh, B., Cheraghi, M., & Vale'i, M. (2013). The Role of Religious Tourism in Rural Development, Emphasizing on the Quality of Life and Social Capital Case Study: Gepchagh Village, Miandoab City. Applied Geosciences Journal, 13 (30), 7- 25. (In Persian)
Mohammadpour, A. (2010). The Process and Consequences of Modernization, Changes and Social Developments in Kurdistan of Iran, A Case Study of Sardasht (1379-1373). Zaribar Quarterly, 58 & 59, 371-405. (In Persian)
Motie Langroudi, S. H., & Rezaieh Azadi, M. (2013). Evaluation of Tourism Effects from the Perspective of the Host Society in the Urmia Bazaar. The Economics of Spatial Planning and Rural Development, 2 (2), 75-91. (In Persian)
Nouri Kermani, A., Zoghi, A., Yari Hesar, A., & Alaee, M. (2009). Urban Tourism and Its Functional Transplantation with Ecotourism (Case Study: Kurdistan Province). Geographic Space Magazine, 2010, 9 (26). 137-156. (In Persian)
Nouri, H., & Khorasani, Z. (2012). An Analysis of the Economic, Social, and Environmental Impacts of Tourism Development in Sari City. Geography Planning, 4, 1- 18. (In Persian)
Roknadin Eftekhari, A.R., & Ghaderi, I. (2002) The role of rural tourism in rural development (review and analysis of theoretical frameworks). Journal of Modarres of Humanities, 6 (2), 23-40. (In Persian)
Statistics Center of Iran. (2011). Population and Housing Census. (In Persian)
Weaver, D.B. (1993). A model of urban tourism space in small Caribbean islands.Geographical Review, 83 (2), 134-140
WWW.UNWTO “Tourism Highlights 2018 Edition”
Yıldız, Selin, Akbulut, & olgaT, M. (2013). Current Trends indeveloping urban Tourism, International Journal of Architectural Research, 7 (2), 297-310.
_||_Aminian, A. (2012). Environmental Performance Measurement of Tourism Accommodations in the Pilgrimage Urban Areas: The Case of the Holy City of Mashhad, Iran, Asia Pacific International Conference on Environment-Behavior Studies, Salamis BayConti Resort Hotel, Famagusta, North Cyprus, 7-9 December 2011, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 35 , 514 – 522. (In Persian)
Ashworth, G.J. (1989). Urban tourism: an imbalance in attention. Inc. Cooper (Ed.), Progress in Tourism, Recreation and Hospitality Management, 1, 33-54, London: Belhaven
Balaguer, J., & Cantavella-Jordá, M. (2002). Tourism as a Long-run economic Growth. Applied Economics, 34 (7), 877-884.
Brown, G. (2002). Taking the pulse of Olympic sponsorship. Event Management, 7 (3),187-196.
Budeanu, A. ( 2005). Impacts and responsibilities for sustainable tourism: a tour operator's perspective. Journal of Cleaner Production, 13, 89-97
Crossley, J C., Jamieson, L. M., & Brayley ,R. E.(2012). Introduction to commercial recreation and Tourisman Entrepreneurial Approach. SAGMore publishing, Sixth edition
Dodds, R. E. (2001). Promoting urban green tourism: The development of the other map of Toronto. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 7 (3), 261-267.
Donald, E., H., & Shaun, M.( 2007) The World Bank’s Role in Tourism Development. Annals of Tourism Research, 34 (2), 348-363
Ebrahimnia Samatosh, S., Khaksari, A., Latifi, G., & Damadi, M. (2013). Evaluation of Urban Tourism Role in Environmental Development of Babolsar City. Economics and Urban Management, 5 (3), 17-31 (In Persian)
Eccles G, Costa J, 1996, Perspectives on tourism development, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 8( 7): 44-51
Eccles G., & Costa J. ( 1996). Perspectives on tourism development. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 8 (7), 44-51.
Font X., & Ahjem, Tor E. ( 1999). Searching for a Balance in Tourism Development Strategies. international journal of contemporary hospitality management, 11 (2-3), 73-77.
Foster, D. (1997). Measuring Customer Satisfaction In The Tourism Industry. International& Sixth National Research Conference on Quality Management, The Centre for Management Quality Research at RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria Australia.
Gartner, W. C. (1996). Tourism Development, Principles, Processes & Policies. New York, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Ghodami, M., & Aliqelizadeh Firouzjaei, N. (2012). Evaluation of the Development of Destination Tourism in the Framework of Sustainability. Geographical Quarterly Journal, 27 (1), 79 104. (In Persian)
Haber, S., & Lerner, M. (1998) Correlates of Tourist Satisfaction. Annals of TourismResearch, 25 (4), 197-201
Haji Nejad, A., Pourtaheri, M., & Ahmadi, A. (2009). The Effects of Business Tourism on the Urban Space Development of Urban Areas, Case Study of Baneh City. Journal of Human Geography Research, 70, 91-109. (In Persian)
Jarvis , D. Stoeckl , N., & Liu, H.B. (2016). The impact of economic, social and environmental factors on trip satisfaction and the likelihood of visitors returning. journals of Tourism Management, 52 , 1-18
Khaksepari, A., Ebrahim Nia Sam Akhosh, S., Damadi, M., & Moazzez, V. (2013). Tourism Planning and Development Magazine, 2010, 7, 126-147. (In Persian)
Khani, F., Ghasemi, A., & Khodadad Hosseini, H. (2009). The Impact of Ethnic Tourism Development on Socio-Cultural Issues of the Society (Case Study of Tourism Destinations in Kermanshah Province), Urban Management, 26, 163- 180. (In Persian)
Kin H. (2004) The Southern Sound (Nanyin): Tourism for the PreservationandDevelopment of Traditional Arts, Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 9 (4), 373-382.
Law, C. M. ( 2002). The tourist city review, Urban studies, 37 (7), 301-321.
Lee, J. (1999). Tourism and Development in the Third World, translated by Abdolreza Roknaddin Eftekhari and Masoumeh Sadat Salehi Amini, commercial publishing. (In Persian)
Liue, Z. (2003). Sustainable tourism development: A critique. GEOGRAFIA OnlineTM, Journal of sustainable tourism, 11(6), 459-475.
Mahdavi, M. et al. (2008). Tourism Impact on Rural Development by Polling the Villagers in the Valley of Ken and Sulaghan. The Village and Development Quarterly, 11 (20). (In Persian)
Mason, P. (1995). Tourism: Environment and Development Perspectives. Godalming, UK, World Wide Fund for Nature.
Mason, P. (2003). Tourism Impacts, Planning and Management. Butterworth Heinman
Mohammadi Yeganeh, B., Cheraghi, M., & Vale'i, M. (2013). The Role of Religious Tourism in Rural Development, Emphasizing on the Quality of Life and Social Capital Case Study: Gepchagh Village, Miandoab City. Applied Geosciences Journal, 13 (30), 7- 25. (In Persian)
Mohammadpour, A. (2010). The Process and Consequences of Modernization, Changes and Social Developments in Kurdistan of Iran, A Case Study of Sardasht (1379-1373). Zaribar Quarterly, 58 & 59, 371-405. (In Persian)
Motie Langroudi, S. H., & Rezaieh Azadi, M. (2013). Evaluation of Tourism Effects from the Perspective of the Host Society in the Urmia Bazaar. The Economics of Spatial Planning and Rural Development, 2 (2), 75-91. (In Persian)
Nouri Kermani, A., Zoghi, A., Yari Hesar, A., & Alaee, M. (2009). Urban Tourism and Its Functional Transplantation with Ecotourism (Case Study: Kurdistan Province). Geographic Space Magazine, 2010, 9 (26). 137-156. (In Persian)
Nouri, H., & Khorasani, Z. (2012). An Analysis of the Economic, Social, and Environmental Impacts of Tourism Development in Sari City. Geography Planning, 4, 1- 18. (In Persian)
Roknadin Eftekhari, A.R., & Ghaderi, I. (2002) The role of rural tourism in rural development (review and analysis of theoretical frameworks). Journal of Modarres of Humanities, 6 (2), 23-40. (In Persian)
Statistics Center of Iran. (2011). Population and Housing Census. (In Persian)
Weaver, D.B. (1993). A model of urban tourism space in small Caribbean islands.Geographical Review, 83 (2), 134-140
WWW.UNWTO “Tourism Highlights 2018 Edition”
Yıldız, Selin, Akbulut, & olgaT, M. (2013). Current Trends indeveloping urban Tourism, International Journal of Architectural Research, 7 (2), 297-310.
