Performance and Economic Feasibility of Using Soybean Oil, Palm Oil and Fish Oil in Broiler Diet
الموضوعات :G.B. Das 1 , M.E. Hossain 2 , M.A. Akbar 3
1 - Department of Animal Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Science University, Khulshi, Chittagong, Bangladesh
2 - Department of Animal Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Science University, Khulshi, Chittagong, Bangladesh
3 - Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
الکلمات المفتاحية: Broiler, feed conversion, feed intake, fish oil, weight gain, palm oil, Soybean oil,
ملخص المقالة :
Six hundred day old unsexed broiler chicks were used in a 35-day trial to compare the effects of soybean oil, palm oil and fish oil supplementation on the performance of broilers in terms of feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion. The chicks were randomly distributed following a completely randomized design in four groups having three replications per treatment. Each treatment had 150 birds with 50 birds per replicate. Four diets were formulated using locally available ingredients as diet without oil, diet containing 3.0% soybean oil, 3.0% palm oil and 3.0% fish oil. Results indicated thatsupplementation of different types of oil did not affect (P>0.05) feed intake of broilers up to 2nd week except increased (P<0.05) at 3rd, 4th and 5th weeks. Live weight gain of broilers did not differ (P>0.05) among groups up to 3rd week of age except at 4th week. The highest live weight gain at 4th week was found in 3.0% fish oil supplemented group. The palm oil group showed the least feed conversion value that differed only from fish oil group. Feed cost per broiler receiving fish oil was higher than that of without oil, palm oil and soybean oil groups. Total cost per broiler also differed (P<0.01) among the groups. Net profit expressed in US$ per kg live weight of broilers did not differ (P>0.05) between treatments. Maximum net profit was obtained from birds fed diet containing palm oil and minimum from broilers fed diet containing soybean oil. It was concluded that supplementation of fish oil at 3.0% level gave slightly higher live weight gain and feed conversion than those of the same level of soybean and palm oil. However, net profit as well as price per kg live broiler was comparatively higher in palm oil supplementation than in soybean oil and fish oil.
Abas I., Ozpinar H., Kahraman R., Kutay H.C., Eseceli H. and Grashorn M.A. (2004). Effect of dietary fat sources and their levels on performance of broilers.Arch. Geflugelk. 68, 145-152.
Al-Athari A.K. and Watkins B.A. (1988). Distribution of trans and cis 18:1 fatty acid isomers in chicks fed different fats. Poult. Sci. 67, 778-786.
AOAC. (1990). Official Methods of Analysis. Vol. I. 15th ed., Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Arlington, VA.
Atteh J.D., Leeson S. and Julian R.J. (1983). Effect of dietary level and types of fat on performance and mineral metabolism of broiler chicks. Poult. Sci. 62, 2043-2411
Barbour G.W., Farran M.T., Usayran N.N., Darwish A.H., Uwayjan M.G. and Ashkarian V.M. (2006). Effect of soybean oil supplementation to low metabolizable energy diets on production parameters of broiler chickens. J. Appl. Poult. Res. 15, 190-197
Brue N.R. and Latshaw J.D. (1985). Energy utilization by the broiler chicken as affected by various fats and fats levels. Poult. Sci. 64, 2119-2130.
Carino C., Dellorto V. and Pedron O. (1980). Effects of acid compositon of fats and oils on the nutritive effieciency of broiler feeds. Rev. Zootech. Vet. 2, 94.
Chekani-Azar S., Hosseini-Mansoub N., Bahrami Y., Ahadi F. and Lotfi A. (2010). Dietary fish oil improves performance and carcass characterizes of broilers immunized with sheep Erythrocytes. Int. J. Aca. Res. 2, 94.
Dobrzanski Z., Jamroz D., Bykowski P. and Trziszka T. (2002). Effect of fish oil on broiler performance and meat quality. Elect. J. Polish Agric. Univ. 1, 43-51.
Duncan D.B. (1955). Multiple range and multiple ‘F’ test. Biometrics. 11, 1-42.
Farhoomand P. and Checaniazer S. (2009). Effects of graded levels of dietary fish oil on the yield and fatty acid composition of breast meat in broiler chickens. J. Appl. Poult. Res. 18, 508-513.
Gomez A.K. and Gomez A.A. (1984).Statistical Procedures for Agricultural Research. Willy and Sons. New York.
Huang Z.B., Ackman R.G., Ratnayake W.M.N. and Proudfoot F.G. (1990). Effect of dietary fish oil on n-3 fatty acid levels in chicken eggs and thigh flesh. J. Agric. Food Chem. 38, 743-747.
Hulan H.W., Ackman R.G., Ratnayake W.M.N. and Proudfoot F.G. (1988). Omega-3 fatty acid levels and performance of broilers chickens fed redfish meal or redfish oil. Canadian J. Anim. Sci. 68, 533-547.
Leeson S. and Atteh J.O. (1995). Utilization of fats and fatty acids by turkey poults. Poult. Sci. 74, 2003-2010.
Liarn T.F. and Yang K.H. (1992). Effects of dietary fat sources on growth performance and immune response of chickens. J. Chinese Soc. Anim. Sci. 21, 247-254.
Lopez-Ferrer S., Baucells M.D., Barroeta A.C., Galobart J. and Grashorn M.A. (2001). N-3 Enrichment of chicken meat. 2. Use of precursors of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids: linseed oil. Poult. Sci. 80, 753-761.
Navidshad B. (2009). The effects of fish oil on growth performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chicks fed a low-protein diet. Int. J. Agric. Biol. 11, 635-638
Newman R.E., Downing J.A., Bryden W.L., Fleck E., Buttemer W.A. and Storlien L.H. (1998). Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids of the n-3 and the n-6 series reduce abdominal fat in the chicken (Gallus domesticus). Proc. Nutr. Soc. Aust. 22, 54.
Oyedeji J.O. and Atteh J.O. (2003). Response of broilers to 3 week feed restriction initiated at different time periods. Nigerian J. Ani. Prod. 30, 157-162.
Pesti G.M., Bakali R.I., Qiao M. and Sterling K.G. (2002). A comparison of eight grades of fat as broiler feed ingredients. Poult. Sci. 81, 382-390.
Pike I.H. (1999). The role of long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in animal feeding. Ifoma Tec. Bull. 3, 1-40.
Pinchasov Y. and Nir I. (1992). Effect of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid concentration on performance, fat deposition and carcass fatty acid composition in broiler chickens. Poult. Sci. 71, 1504-1512.
Safamehr A., Aghaei N. and Mehmannavaz Y. (2008). The influence of different levels of dietary fish oil on the performance, carcass traits and blood parameters of broiler chickens. Res. J. Biol. Sci. 10, 1202-1207.
Saleh H., Rahimi S.H. and Karimi Torshizi M.A. (2009). The effect of diet that contained fish oil on performance, serum parameters, the immune system and the fatty acid composition of meat in broilers. Int. J. Vet. Res. 3, 69-75.
Sanz M., Flores A. and Lopez-Bote C.J. (2000). The metabolic use of energy from dietary fat in broilers is affected by fatty acid saturation. Br. Poult. Sci. 41, 61-68.
Singh R.A. (1980). Poultry Production. Kalyani Publishers, Ramanath Mazumder Street, Ballygunj, Kolkata.
Sklan D. and Ayal A. (1989). Effect of saturated fatty acids on growth, body fat and carcass quality in chicks. Br. Poult. Sci. 30, 407-411.
Skrivan M., Skrivanova V., Marounek M., Tumova E. and Wolf J. (2000). Influence of dietary fat source and copper supplementation on broiler performance, fatty acid profile of meat and depot fat and on cholesterol content in meat. Br. Poult. Sci. 41, 608-614.
SPSS. (2007). SPSS for Windows, Version 16.0, SPSSInc, Chicago.
Stata. (2009). Stata Statistical Software, Version 11C, TX: Stata CorpLP., College Station, USA.
Tuncer S.D., Asti R., Coskun B., Tekes M.A. and Erer H. (1987). The effects of different energy sources on fattening performance and abdomen fat accumulation university of selcuk. J. Vet. Fact. 3, 25-40.
ZollitschW., Knaus W., Aichinger F. and Lettner F. (1997). Effects of different dietary fat sources on performance and carcass characteristics of broiler. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 66, 63-73.
