Substitution Effect of Noug Seed (Guzoitia abyssinica) Cake with Various Levels of Samma (Urtica simensis) Leaf Meal on Egg Production and Egg Quality Parameters of Commercial Layer Hens

الموضوعات :

آ. ملسه ¹ , جی. گانبو ² , آ. آبب ³

1 - School of Animal and Range Science, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia
2 - School of Animal and Range Science, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia
3 - School of Animal and Range Science, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia

تاريخ الإرسال : 05 الثلاثاء , ربيع الأول, 1440 تاريخ التأكيد : 11 السبت , جمادى الثانية, 1440 تاريخ الإصدار : 04 الأحد , ربيع الثاني, 1441

الکلمات المفتاحية: egg production, egg quality, Isa Brown hens, noug seed cake, samma leaf,

ملخص المقالة :

The substitution effect of noug (Guzoitia abyssinica) seed cake with samma (Urtica simensis) leaf meal (SLM) was investigated on egg production and egg quality parameters in commercial layer hens. Five treatment (T) diets were formulated to contain SLM at 0% (T1), 3% (T2), 6% (T3), 9% (T4) and 12% (T5) by substituting noug seed cake. One-hundred fifty Isa Brown layer pullets were randomly allocated to the treatment diets, replicated thrice consisting of 10 hens each. The results indicated that feed intake did not vary among treatment diets. The individual final body weight (g) of hens in T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 was 1786, 1804, 1804, 1819, 1858, respectively, being the highest (P<0.05) for T5. The average egg weight (g) of hens fed with T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 diets was 45.0, 47.2, 48.9, 53.5 and 55.5, respectively, being (P<0.05) different for T4 and T5. The hen-housed egg production (%) for hens fed with T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 diets was 44.3, 49.5, 59.4, 70.9 and 80.5%, respectively and differed (P<0.05) from each other. The respective individual daily egg mass output (g) in hens fed with T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 diets was 20.0, 23.4, 29.1, 37.9, and 44.7, being (P<0.05) different from each other. The feed conversation ratio (kg feed/kg egg mass) was 5.20, 4.18, 3.55, 2.83 and 2.40 for hens reared in T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5, respectively and being lowest (P<0.05) for those of T4 and T5. Hens fed with T3, T4 and T5 diets had higher (P<0.05) shell thickness than those of T1 and T2. The yolk index was higher (P<0.05) for hens reared in T5 than those of T1 and T3 diets. In conclusion, the substitution of noug seed cake with SLM improved the egg production and most egg quality parameters. We recommend further studies to corroborate the effect of samma leaf on total cholesterol and triglycerides concentrations of egg yolk and meat.

المصادر:

Adhikari B.M., Bajracharya A. and Shrestha A.K. (2016). Comparison of nutritional properties of stinging nettle (Urtica dioica) flour with wheat and barley flours. Food Sci. Nutr. 4, 119-124.

AOAC. (2005). Official Methods of Analysis. 18^th Ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Arlington, Washington, DC., USA.

Dereje A., Tegene N. and Adugna T. (2016). Milk yield and composition of grazing arsi-bale does supplemented with dried stinging nettle (Urtica simensis) leaf meal and growth rate of their suckling kids. Adv. Biol. Res. 10(3), 191-199.

Eskedar G.A., Gulelat D.H. and Getachew A.D. (2013). Nutritional profiles of samma (Urtica simensis) leaves grown in Ethiopia. Int. J. Sci. Innov. Discov. 3(1), 153-160.

Hanczakowska E., Wiytkiewicz M. and Szewczy K.A. (2007). Effect of dietary nettle extract on pig meat quality. Med. Wet. 63, 525-527.

Hashemi S.M., Soleimanifar A., Sharifi S.D. and Vakili N. (2018). Growth promoting effects of dried nettle extracts and its impact on hematology and antibody titter in broiler chickens. Int. J. Anim. Sci. 2(1), 1016-1021.

Haugh R.R. (1937). A new method for determining the quality of an egg. US. Poult. Magazine. 39, 27-29.

Hossain M.A. and Becker K. (2001). Nutritive value and anti-nutritive factors in different varieties of Sesbania seeds and their morphological fractions. Food Chem. 73, 421-431. 

Kukrić Z.Z., Topalić-Trivunovića L.N., Kukavicab B.M., Matoša S.B., Pavičića S.S., Borojab M.M. and Savića A.V. (2012). Characterization of antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of nettle leaves (Urtica dioica). Acta. Period. Technol. 43, 257-272.

Kwiecien M. and Mieczan W. (2009). Effect of addition of herbs on body weight and assessment of physical and chemical alterations in the tiba bones of broiler chickens. J. Elementol. 14, 705-715.

Loetscher Y., Kreuzer M. and Messikommer R. (2013). Utility of nettle (Urtica dioica) in layer diets as a natural yellow colorant for egg yolk. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 86, 158-168.

Mansoub N.H. (2011a). Comparison of effects of using nettle (Urtica dioica) and probiotic on performance and serum composition of broiler chickens. Glob. Vet. 6(3), 247-250.

Mansoub N.H. (2011b). Effect of Nettle (Urtica dioica) on performance, quality of eggs and blood parameters of laying hens. Adv. Environ. Biol. 5(9), 2718-2721.

Mavi A., Terzi Z., Ozgen U., Yildirim A. and Cookun M. (2004). Antioxidant properties of some medicinal plants. Prangos ferulacea (Apiaceae) Sedum sempervivoides (Crassulaceae), Malvan eglecta (Malvaceae), Cruciata taurica (Rubiaceae), Rosa pimpinellifolia (Rosaceae), Galium verum subsp. verum (Rubiaceae) Urtica dioica (Urticaceae). Biol. Pharm. Bull. 7, 702-705.

Melesse A., Steingass H., Boguhn J., Schollenberger M. and Rodehutscord M. (2018). Component composition, in vitro gas and methane production profiles of fruit by-products and leaves of root crops. J. Agric. Sci. Cambridge. 156(7), 949-958.

Modarresi-Chahardehi A., Ibrahim D., Fariza-Sulaiman S. and Mousavi L. (2012). Screening antimicrobial activity of various extracts of Urtica dioica. Rev Biol. Trop. 60, 1567-1576.

Nasiri S., Nobakht A. and Safamehr A. (2011). The effects of different levels of nettle Urtica dioica (Urticaceae) medicinal plant in starter and grower feeds on performance, carcass traits, blood biochemical and immunity parameters of broilers. Iranian J. Appl. Anim. Sci. 1(3), 177-181.

Nassiri-Asl M., Zamansoltani F., Abbasi E., Daneshi M.M. and Zangivand A.A. (2009). Effect of Urtica dioica extract on lipid profile in hypercholesterolemic rats. J. Chinese Integr. Med. 7(5), 428-433.

Navicha W.B, Hua Y., Masamba K. and Zhang C. (2017). Effect of roasting temperatures and times on test parameters used in determination of adequacy of soybean processing. Adv. J. Food Sci. Technol. 13(1), 22-28.

Negesse T. and Tera A. (2010). Effects of feeding different levels of cooked and sun dried fish offal on carcass traits of growing Rhode Island Red chicks. Trop. Anim. Health Prod. 42, 45-54.

Ngugi C.C., Oyoo-Okoth E., Mugo-Bundi J., Orina P.S., Chemoiwa E.J. and Aloo P.A. (2015). Effects of dietary administration of stinging nettle (Urtica dioica) on the growth performance, biochemical, hematological and immunological parameters in juvenile and adult victoria labeo (Labeo victorianus) challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila. Fish Shellfish Immunol. 44, 533-541.

Omar A.J., Hejazi A. and Badran R. (2016). Performance of broilers supplemented with natural herb extract. Open J. Anim. Sci. 5, 68-74.

Poudel N. and Khanal D.R. (2011). Effect of stinging nettle feeding on productivity and immune status in laying hens. Nepalese Vet. J. 30, 51-58.

Rutto L.K., Xu Y., Ramirez E. and Brandt M. (2013). Mineral properties and dietary value of raw and processed stinging nettle (Urtica dioica). Int. J. Food Sci. 23, 1-9.

Safamehr A., Mirahmadi M. and Nobakht A. (2012). Effect of nettle (Urtica dioica) medicinal plant on growth performance, immune responses, and serum biochemical parameters of broiler chickens. Int. Res. J. Appl. Basic Sci. 3, 721-728.

Sandru C.D., Niculae M., Popescu S., Ioana P.A., Páll E. and Spînu M. (2016). Urtica dioica alcoholic extract increases the cell-mediated innate immune potential in chickens. Indust. Crop. Prod. 88,48-50.

SAS Institute. (2012). SAS^®/STAT Software, Release 9.4. SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, NC. USA.

Zhang C., Ning Z.H., Xu G.Y., Hou Z.C. and Yang N. (2005). Heritability, genetic and phenotypic correlations of egg quality traits in Brown-egg dwarf layers. Poult. Sci. 84, 1209-1213.