The Effect of Protease Enzyme and Replacement Soybean Meal by Cotton Seed Meal on Protein Efficiency and Performance in Broiler Chickens
الموضوعات :M. Safari 1 , A.A. Saki 2 , S. Mirzaie Goudarzi 3 , A. Ahmadi 4 , A. Ashoori 5
1 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
2 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
3 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
4 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
5 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
الکلمات المفتاحية: broiler chicken, cottonseed meal, protease enzyme, soy bean meal,
ملخص المقالة :
This study was conducted to investigate the effect of replacing soy bean meal (SBM) by cottonseed meal (CSM) with or without of protease enzymes, on performance, in-vitro protein digestibility, carcass characteristics, gastrointestinal morphology and hematological parameters in broilers. A total 450 one-day-old mixed sex broiler chickens Ross 308 were managed in 6 treatments, 5 replicates and 15 chickens in each in a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement with completely randomized design (CRD). Treatments consist of: treatment 1 (0% CSM, -protease), treatment 2 (0% CSM, +protease), treatment 3 (20% CSM, -protease), treatment 4 (20% CSM, +protease), treatment 5 (30% CSM, -protease), treatment 6 (30% CSM, +protease). The results have shown that there were no significant affected on feed intake, body weight gain and feed conversion ratio by various treatments in starter period (P>0.05). Digestive organs and body weight were not affected by treatments at 27 days of age. Breasts weight was significantly increased by 20% replacement SBM with CSM (P<0.05). Protein digestibility was increased significantly by protease enzymes and in vitro method. Serum cholesterol levels reduced by enhanced levels of replacement CSM (P<0.05). There was concluded that no adverse effects were found by replacing 30% SBM with CSM on performance status, as well as improved in vitro protein digestibility.
Amerah A., Ravindran V., Lentle R. and Thomas D. (2007). Feed particle size: Implications on the digestion and performance of poultry. World's Poult. Sci. J. 63, 439-455.
AOAC. (2000). Official Methods of Analysis. 17th Ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Arlington, Washington, DC., USA.
Azman M.A. and Yilmaz M. (2005). The growth performance of broiler chicks fed with diets containing cottonseed meal supplemented with lysine. Rev. Méd. Vét. 156(2), 104-106.
Blevins S., Siegel P.B., Blodgett D.J., Ehrich M., Saunders G.K. and Lewis R.M. (2010). Effects of silymarin on gossypol toxicosis in divergent lines of chickens. Poult. Sci. 89, 1878-1886.
Cheng Z.J. and Hardy R.W. (2002). Apparent digestibility coefficients and nutritional value of cottonseed meal for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture. 212, 361-372.
Elangovan A., Tyagi P.K., Shrivastav A., Tyagi P.K. and Mandal A. (2006). GMO (Bt-Cry1Ac gene) cottonseed meal is similar to non-GMO low free gossypol cottonseed meal for growth performance of broiler chickens. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 129, 252-263.
Heidarinia A. and Malakian M. (2011). Nutritional evaluation of cottonseed meal with and without ferrous sulfate for broiler chickens. Res. J. Poult. Sci. 4, 14-17.
Jazi V., Boldaji F., Dastar B., Hashemi S.R. and Ashayerizadeh A. (2017). Effects of fermented cottonseed meal on the growth performance, gastrointestinal microflora population and small intestinal morphology in broiler chickens. British Poult. Sci. 58(4), 402-408.
Jin S.H., Corless A. and Sell J. (1998). Digestive system development in post-hatch poultry. World's Poult. Sci. J. 54, 335-345.
Kaczmarek S., Rogiewicz A., Mogielnicka M., Rutkowski A., Jones R.O. and Slominski B.A. (2014). The effect of protease, amylase, and nonstarch polysaccharide-degrading enzyme supplementation on nutrient utilization and growth performance of broiler chickens fed corn-soybean meal-based diets. Poult. Sci. 93, 1745-1753.
Kheravii S.K., Swick R.A., Choct M. and Wu S.B. (2017). Coarse particle inclusion and lignocellulose-rich fiber addition in feed benefit performance and health of broiler chickens. Poult. Sci. 96, 3272-3281.
Liu Y., Song G.L., Yi G.F., Hou Y., Huang J.W., Vazquez-Anon M. and Knight C. (2006). Effect of supplementing 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio) butanoic acid and DL-methionine in corn-soybean-cottonseed meal diets on growth performance and carcass quality of broilers. Asian Australasian J. Anim. Sci. 19, 1197-1205.
Mateos G., Jiménez-Moreno E., Serrano M. and Lázaro R. (2012). Poultry response to high levels of dietary fiber sources varying in physical and chemical characteristics. J. Appl. Poult. Res. 21, 156-174.
Mireles-Arriaga A.I., EspinosaAyala E., Hemández-Garcia P.A. and Márquez-Molina O. (2015). Use of exogenous enzyme in animal feed. Life Sci. J. 12(2), 23-32.
Nagalakshmi D., Rao S.V.R., Panda A.K. and Sastry V.R. (2007). Cottonseed meal in poultry diets: A review. J. Poult. Sci. 44, 119-134.
Nazemzadeh S., Heshmat G. and Ansari H. (2017). Effect of supplemented ProAct (CT) Protease enzyme on performance and the amount of protein excreted in feces of broiler chickens. J. Livest. Sci. 8, 115-121.
Nie C., Zhang W., Ge W., Wang Y., Liu Y. and Liu J. (2015). Effects of fermented cottonseed meal on the growth performance, apparent digestibility, carcass traits, and meat composition in yellow-feathered broilers. Turkish J. Vet. Anim. Sci. 39, 350-356.
Parsons C. (2004). Gastrointestinal development and nutrient digestion in chicks. Pp. 169-176 in Proc. 25th Western Nutr. Conf., Saskatoon, Canada.
SAS Institute. (2004). SAS®/STAT Software, Release 9.4. SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, NC. USA.
Shawrang P., Mansouri M., Sadeghi A. and Ziaie F. (2011). Evaluation and comparison of gamma-and electron beam irradiation effects on total and free gossypol of cottonseed meal. Rad. Phys. Chem. 80, 761-762.
Taheri H., Tanha N. and Shahir M. (2016). Effect of wheat bran inclusion in barley-based diet on villus morphology of jejunum, serum cholesterol, abdominal fat and growth performance of broiler chickens. J. Livest. Sci. Technol. 4, 9-16.
Tang J., Sun H., Yao X.H., Wu Y.F., Wang X. and Feng J. (2012). Effects of replacement of soybean meal by fermented cottonseed meal on growth performance, serum biochemical parameters and immune function of yellow-feathered broilers. Asian-Australasian J. Anim. Sci. 25, 393-407.
Van Soest P.V., Robertson J. and Lewis B. (1991). Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J. Dairy Sci. 74, 3583-3597.
Xiong J., Wang Z.J., Miao L.H., Meng F.T. and Wu L.Y. (2016). Growth performance and toxic response of broilers fed diets containing unfermented or fermented cottonseed meal. J. Anim. Sci. 94, 457-457.
