تأثیر بازی‌های آموزشی رایانه‌ای بر پیشرفت تحصیلی و خلاقیت دانش‌آموزان مقطع ابتدایی

الموضوعات :

کامیان خزایی ¹ , نوشین جلیلیان ²

1 - استادیار گروه علوم‌تربیتی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد چالوس، چالوس، ایران
2 - کارشناس ارشد برنامه‌ریزی آموزشی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد چالوس، چالوس، ایران

تاريخ الإرسال : 19 الأحد , رجب, 1435 تاريخ التأكيد : 19 الأحد , ذو القعدة, 1435 تاريخ الإصدار : 12 الأحد , ربيع الثاني, 1436

الکلمات المفتاحية: خلاقیت, پیشرفت تحصیلی, بازی‌های آموزشی رایانه‌ای,

ملخص المقالة :

این پژوهش به منظور بررسی تأثیر بازی‌های آموزشی رایانه‌ای بر پیشرفت تحصیلی و خلاقیت دانش‌آموزان مقطع ابتدایی به اجرا در آمده است و از نظر هدف، کاربردی و از نظر روش، شبه‎تجربی است. جامعه آماری آن را 280 نفر از دانش‌آموزان دختر پایه اول ابتدایی مدرسه شاهد، در سال تحصیلی 92-1391 تشکیل می‌دهند. از میان آنها با روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی ساده، 50 نفر به عنوان نمونه انتخاب شد. گروه تجربی به مدت سه ماه در معرض بازی‎های آموزشی رایانه‎ای میشا و کوشا قرار داده شد و در مورد گروه کنترل روش تدریس معمولی به اجرا درآمد. آزمون خلاقیت تصویری تورنس و آزمون پیشرفت تحصیلی ریاضی دانش‌آموزان، ابزار اندازه‎گیری را تشکیل داده ‌است. از آزمون تحلیل کوواریانس جهت تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که گروه‌تجربی از گروه‌ کنترل به‌طور معنی‌داری از نمرات پیشرفت تحصیلی و خلاقیت بالاتری برخوردار است. از میان مؤلفه‌های خلاقیت (انعطاف‌پذیری، ابتکار، بسط و سیالی)، تنها در مورد مؤلفه‌های انعطاف‌پذیری و سیالی گروه آزمایش از گروه کنترل به‌طور معنی‌داری از نمرات بالاتری برخوردار بود.

المصادر:

1. Aazami, M. (2009). The role of play in the academic achievement of elementary school children. Tehran: Tehran Publication. (in Persian).


2. Ahmadieh, M. S. (2006). Cooperative learning techniques in normal and gifted students. Tehran: Enteshar Publishing Corporation. (in Persian).


3. Amiri, S. H., & Asadi, S. (2007). The development of creativity in children. Events Cognitive Science, 4(9), 26-32. (in Persian).


4. Baki, K., & Mahmud, K. (2009). Computer games development and appreciative learning approach in enhancing student's creative perception. Computer & Education, 3(8), 146-161.


5. Burden, P. R., & Byerd, D. M. (2006). Method for effective teaching (Fourth Edition). Boston: Allyn & Bacon.


6. Donser, M. (2005). Computer games may faster learning school. Library Journal, 5(3), 123-135.


7. Farhoodi, H. (2011). Effects of educational computer games on primary school children increase creativity. MSc Thesis, School of Education Tarbiat Moallem University. (in Persian).


8. Firoozi, A. (2000). Effects of physical activity and educational games on the academic achievement of elementary school students in Tehran. MSc Thesis, School of Education, Tarbiat Moallem University. (in Persian).


9. Franklins, S., Peat, M., & Lewis, A. (2003). Non-traditional intervention to simulation discussion: The use of games and puzzles. Biological Education, 37(2), 79-84.


10. Ghatrifi, M. (2005). The effect of computer games on mental health and academic performance. MSc Thesis, School of Education, Tarbiat Moallem University. (in Persian).


11. Gholrokhi, S. H. (1996). The play thing role in the transmission of culture to children. Proceedings of the Conference on Cultural Consequences of Toys. Tehran: Bahman Cultural Center. (in Persian).


12. Glendon, K., & Ulrich, D. (2005). Using games as a teaching strategy. Journal of Nursing Education, 44(7), 338-339.


13. Hoseini, A. (2003). The nature and ways of fostering creativity (Second edition). Mashhad: Astan Quds Razavi. (in Persian).


14. Hoseini, A. (2008). The effects of creativity in learning. Tehran: SAMT publishing. (in Persian).


15. Hoseini, A. (2011). Creativity in Management. Bita Publication. (in Persian).


16. Hwang, G. J., Sung, H. Y., Hung, C. M., Huang, I., & Tsai, C. C. (2012). Development of a personalized educational computer game based on students' learning styles. Educational Technology Research and Development, 60(4), 623-638. doi: 10.1007/s11423-012-9241-x.


17. Ke, F., & Grabowski, B. (2007). Game playing for maths learning: Cooperative or not? British Journal of Educational Technology, 38(2), 249-259.


18. Kebritchi, M. (2010). Factors affecting teachers' adoption of educational computer games: A case study. British Journal of Educational Technology, 6(3), 556-567.


19. Kebritchi, M., Hirumi, A., & Bai, H. (2010). The effects of modern mathematics computer games on mathematics achievement and class motivation. Computer & Education, 55(2), 427-433.


20. Kelin, A. (2005). The effects of computer in education of computer in education. Journal of Scientific American, 4(4), 207-220.


21. Keshavarzi, F. (2010). The effects of computer games on anxiety, social skills, academic fifth grade boys and girls. MSc Thesis, School of Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch. (in Persian).


22. Khodaei Khiyavi, S. (2001). Play Psychology. Tehran: Publications Office. (in Persian).


23. Manteghi, M. (2004). Evaluation of outcomes and computer games. Tehran: Danesh Farhangi. (in Persian).


24. Mehri, M. (2003). The effect of violent computer games on the behavior of elementary and junior high school students in Tehran. M.Sc. Thesis, Research Project Education Organization. (in Persian).


25. Mohammad Jani, F. (2008). The effect of computer games on enhancing students' creativity. The National Conference on Managing Creativity and Innovation of Science and Engineering. (in Persian).


26. Mohebbi Kia, R. (2010). The effect of training on learning and performance software, educational aids efficiency elementary school in Mashhad. MSc Thesis, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. (in Persian).


27. Moshkelati, M. (2005). Effects of computer-based educational games on the creativity of students in the second region 3. M.Sc Thesis, Islamic Azad University, Tehran. (in Persian).


28. Rahmati, B. (2010). Effect on learning of computer software educational aid region, two primary schools in Tehran. MSc Thesis, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. (in Persian).


29. Ranjoori, F. (2009). The effects off play on children's personality. Rahavard Noor, 5(11), 56-61. (in Persian).


30. Rashidi, R., & Shahr Aray, M. (2008). Examine the relationship between locus of control, creativity. New Thoughts on Education, 3(3), 81-99. (in Persian).


31. Sally, P. (1998). Playing games and learning mathematics: The result of two intervention studies. International Journal of Early Years Education, 5(4), 49-58.


32. Schrader, C., & Bastiaens, T. (2012). Learning in educational computer games for novices: The Impact of support provision types on virtual presence, cognitive load, and learning outcomes. International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning, 12(3), 54-71.


33. Shabani, A. (1999). Master planning textbooks (Seventh Edition). Tehran: PNU. (in Persian).


34. Squirck, K. (2006). From content to context: Videogames as designed experience. Educational Researcher, 35(8), 19-29.


35. Sternberg, R. J. (1988). A three-facet model of creativity’ in R. J. Sternberg (ed.) The Nature of Creativity: Contemporary Psychological Perspectives. New York: Cambridge University Press, (reprint 1997).


36. Suppes, P. (2006). The uses of computers in education. Retrieved from http:// suppes-corpus.stanford.edu/articles/comped/67.pdf


37. Torrance, E. P., & Goff, K. A. (1989). Quiet revolution. Journal of Creative Behavior, 23(2), 136-145.


38. Zofan, S. H., & Lotfipoor, K. H. (2009). Educational media for the classroom. Tehran: Iran Press. (in Persian).