آموزش از راه دور: رضایتمندی، فرهنگ استفاده از فنآوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات و خودآموزی دانشآموزان
الموضوعات :
عبدالحمید رضوی
1
1 - استادیار پژوهشگاه مطالعات آموزش و پرورش تهران
تاريخ الإرسال : 14 السبت , ذو الحجة, 1434
تاريخ التأكيد : 02 الجمعة , ذو الحجة, 1435
تاريخ الإصدار : 01 السبت , ربيع الثاني, 1435
الکلمات المفتاحية:
آموزش از راه دور,
رضایتمندی,
خودآموزی,
فرهنگ استفاده از فنآوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات,
ملخص المقالة :
هدف این مقاله، تعیین میزان موفقیت مدارس آموزش از راه دور در گسترش فرهنگ استفاده از فنآوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات و بررسی تأثیر آموزش از راه دور در خودآموزی دانشآموزان و شناسایی میزان رضایتمندی دانشآموزان دورههای راهنمایی و متوسطه از این گونه آموزشها میباشد. مطالعه از نوع ارزشیابی است. جامعه آماری، کلیه مدارس آموزش از راه دور کشور بود. دادهها با تکمیل 875 پرسشنامه در 42 مدرسه آموزش از راه دور 6 استان جمعآوری شد. برای اندازهگیری متغیرها، از پرسشنامههای محقق ساخته برای نگرش دانشآموزان نسبت به رضایت از تحصیل در مدارس آموزش از راه دور (26 سؤالی) و برای اندازهگیری نگرش آنان نسبت به خودآموزی (9 سؤالی) و برای اندازهگیری نگرش دبیران و کارکنان نسبت به موفقیت مدارس در ترویج فرهنگ استفاده از فنآوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات (21 سؤالی) استفاده شد. ضریب آلفای کرانباخ پرسشنامهها بین 63/0 تا 96/0 محاسبه شد. روایی صوری پرسشنامهها با استفاده از داوری دو نفر از استادان با سابقه در زمینه آموزش از راه دور مطلوب ارزیابی شد. نتایج نشان داد آموزش از راه دور در استانهای محروم موفقتر بوده و رضایت تحصیلی دو گروه دانشآموز متوسطه و راهنمایی مناسب بوده، اما دانشآموزان متوسطه بیشتر رضایت داشتهاند؛ در زمینه توسعه فرهنگ استفاده از فنآوریهای آموزشی، مدارس کمتر از میزان مورد قبول موفق بودهاند؛ عدم موفقیت با توجه به میزان برخورداری مناطق متفاوت بوده است و تحصیل در مدارس آموزش از راه دور بر خودآموزی دانشآموزان تأثیر مثبت داشته است.
المصادر:
Abpeyma, M. (2002). A survey on faculty members and graduate students in agriculture extension and education about the distance education through internet and web design. Tehran: Tarbiat Modares University. (in Persian).
Aghazadeh, A. (1992). A survey on characteristics of distance education on one of the successful countries in the world, Germany. Tehran: Payam-E-Noor. (in Persian).
Albion, F. M., & Salzberg, C. L. (1982). The effect of self- instruction on the rate of correct addition problems with mentally retarded children. Education and Treatment of Children, 5(2), 121-137.
Bakhtiari Esfandgheh, F., Moulavi, H., & Malekpoor, M. (2005). Effect of self-learning method on mathematical problem-solving performance and the rate of impulsive girl students' attention. Journal of Psychology, 36(9), 34-28. (in Persian).
Barkhordari, M. (1996). Comparison of self-learning (cognitive) and direct teaching (traditional) method on enhancement of dividing of educable mentally retarded children in the fourth grade. Tehran: Alameh Tabatabaee University. (in Persian).
Bazargan, A. (2007). Educational Evaluation. Tehran: SAMT Press. (in Persian).
Borkowski, J. G., & Varnhagen, C. K. (1984). Transfer of learning strategies: Contrast of self-instructional and traditional training formats with EMR children. American Journal of Mental Deficiency, 88, 369-379.
Chegini, R. (2008). A survey on practical dtrategies for using distance education for novice literates in final course in Tehran zones. Tehran: Tarbiat Modares University. (in Persian).
Daniel, J. S. (1990). Distance education and developing countries. London: ERIC: Educational Resources Information Center.
Dashtaki Hesari, Z. (2008). Comparative study of e-learning with traditional learning. Tehran: Islamic Azad University of Tehran Markaz. (in Persian).
Esfijani, A. (2002). Effect of learning by information networks on academic motivation of female students in junior school of Tehran. Tehran: Tarbiat Moalem University. (in Persian).
Farmahini, M. (1996). Distance education, a new prospects of education. Roshd_e Technology_e Amozeshi, 3, 14-16. (in Persian).
Gibson, C. (1992). Changing perceptions of learners, and learning at a distance: A review of selected research. Madison, Distance Education Database (compact disc), International Center of Distance Learning, University of Wisconsin.
Heidari, Z. (2005). Educational ICT needs of high school teachers in city of sanandaj and providing appropriate programs. Tehran: Alameh Tabatabaee University. (in Persian).
Holmberg, B. (1989). Theory and Practice of Distance Education. London: Antony Rowe Ltd.
Hughes, C. (1992). Teaching self-instruction utilizing multiple exemplars to produce generalized problem-solving individuals with severe mental retardatio. Peabody College, Department of Special Education. Nashville: Vanderbilt University.
Iran, N. E. (1992). National Examination Guide. Tehran: Ministry of Culture and Higher Education. (in Persian).
Kiamanesh, A. R. (1996). Educational Evaluation. Tehran: Nashr_e Daneshgahi. (in Persian).
Lennox, D., & Poling, A. (1984). Self-instructional training with mentally retarded individuals: A review of the literature. Mental Retardation & Learning Disability Bulletin, 12(1), 30-38.
Maher, F. (1994). Methods and Strategies in Exceptional Children Education. Tehran: Ghomes. (in Persian).
Malekpoor, A., & Lohrasbi, F. (2006). Necessity of Distance Education in Iran. Qom: Solok_e Javan Press. (in Persian).
Maor, D. (2004). Pushing beyond the comfort zone: Bridging the gap between technology and pedagogy. (pp. 572-576). Perth: In R. Atkinson, C. McBeath, D. Jonas-Dwyer & R. Phillips (Eds). Beyond the Comfort Zone: Proceedings of the 21st ASCILITE Conference.
Mekenize, J. (1992). Disadvantaged student’s self –efficacy for tertiary study: Do they really lack confidence? (2nd Ed., Vol. 5). Australia: Herdsa.
Michenbam, D., & Goodman, J. (1971). Training imulsive children to talk to themselves: Amean of developing self-control. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 3, 115-126.
Mohammadzade Vijeh, M. (2006). Effects of continuing education on self-learning of participants in literacy program (Nehzat) in Tehran. Shahid Beheshti University (in Persian).
Monavarin, Z. (2008). Attitudes of the relevant groups and stakeholders on the performance of distance education of Hamadan province in the year 2007. Hamadan: Cuncil of Educational Research of Hamadan State. (in Persian).
Nabavi, S. S. (2007). Effects of non-attendance family training: Perspectives of parents, students and school principals. Tehran: Council of Educational Research of Tehran. (in Persian).
Naghlani, D. (2003). Nanotechnology in the 21st Century. Journal of Research Organization and Agricultural Education: Applied Science Education, 13-14, 68-77. (in Persian).
Pindiprolu, S. (1997). Self- instructional training for children arithmatics. Retrieved Oct 21, 2012, from http://www.learningace.com/doc/852873/ 69403153463ca56663135358f5074bb5/
Raeesi, A. (2008). A comparison of academic achievement, social growth of and social adjustment between students in ordinary schools and distance education schools in Shahrekord in Chahar Mahal and Bakhtiari. Chahar Mahal and Bakhtiari Province Education Council. (in Persian).
SaghebTehrani, M., & Tadayun, S. (2001). Management of Information Technology. Tehran: Center of Governmental Education of Administration. (in Persian).
Takahashi, K. (1993). The most economical university in Japan economics of distance education. Open Learning Institute of Hong Kong. Hong Kong, AAOU VII Annual Conference.
Zargham, N. (1992). Distance education in the world. First Professional Seminar of Distance Education. Tehran: Payam-E-Noor University. (in Persian).
Zohoor, H. (1992). Formative Systems in Higher Education. Tehran: Payam-E-Noor University. (in Persian).