ارزش گذاري آب هاي زيرزميني در بهره برداري هاي کشاورزي مورد مطالعه برنجکاران شهرستان رامهرمزدر استان خوزستان
محورهای موضوعی : مقاله پژوهشی
محسن موسایی
1
,
مهسا حسین زاده
2
,
مهرداد مرادی
3
1 - دانشیار ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، گروه مدیریت کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد گچساران، ایران
2 - دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد شوشتر، شوشتر، ایران
3 - استادیار اقتصاد کشاورزی، گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد یاسوج، ایران
کلید واژه: برنج, آب های زیرزمینی, ارزش گذاری, شهرستان رامهرمز,
چکیده مقاله :
مقدمه: در حال حاضر بخش کشاورزي عمده ترين مصرف کننده آب زيرزميني در اين منطقه، در بين بخش هاي مختلف اقتصادي محسوب مي گردد، که به دليل بهره برداري بيش از حد از آب هاي زيرزميني ميزان افت سالانه سطح اين آب ها قابل توجه است. بنابراين، محاسبه ارزش اقتصادي هر واحد آب و محاسبه اثر هاي جانبي برداشت بيش از حد از منابع آب اهميت بالايي دارد. در اين مطالعه، به تعيين ارزش اقتصادي آب، حد بهينه استفاده از نهاده آب و اثر تغيير سطح آب هاي زيرزميني بر سطح رفاه اجتماعي توليدکنندگان برنج شهرستان رامهرمز پرداخته مي شود.
روش: به اين منظور ابتدا تابع توليد مناسب تخمين زده شد و با استفاده از آن ارزش اقتصادي آب و حد بهينه استفاده از نهاده آب تعيين گرديد. آن گاه با تشکيل تابع سود يا رفاه اجتماعي، اثر تغيير در سطح آب هاي زيرزميني بر مقدار رفاه اجتماعي توليدکنندگان تعيين شد.
یافته ها: نتايج اين تحقيق نشان مي دهد که ارزش اقتصادي آب در منطقه مورد مطالعه به ازاي هر مترمکعب 54/649 ريال است. به طوري که ارزش اقتصادي هر واحد آب بيش از هزينه استخراج هر واحد آن است که اين اختلاف منجر به برداشت بي رويه از آب هاي زيرزميني و کاهش سطح آب هاي زيرزميني و در نهايت کاهش رفاه توليدکنندگان برنج مي گردد. به طوري که اگر سطح آب هاي زيرزميني 81/0 متر کاهش يابد، از سود اجتماعي بهره برداران 61/1110257 ريال کاسته مي شود.
نتیجه گیری: اين مطالعه پيشنهاد مي کند که علاوه بر سياست هاي قيمتي، از راه حل هاي غير قيمتي مانند اعمال محدوديت هايي بر ميزان استخراج آب، در جهت حفظ سفره هاي آب زيرزميني استفاده گردد.
Introduction: Currently, the agricultural sector is considered to be the major consumer of underground water in this region, among different economic sectors, and due to excessive exploitation of underground water, the annual drop in the level of these waters is significant. Therefore, calculating the economic value of each unit of water and calculating the side effects of over-harvesting water resources is very important. In this study, the determination of the economic value of water, the optimal level of water input use and the effect of changing the groundwater level on the level of social well-being of rice producers in Ramhormoz city are discussed.
Method: For this purpose, the appropriate production function was first estimated, and using it, the economic value of water and the optimal limit of water input use were determined. Then, by forming the function of profit or social welfare, the effect of change in the level of underground water on the amount of social welfare of the producers was determined.
Findings: The results of this research show that the economic value of water in the study area is 649.54 rials per cubic meter. So that the economic value of each unit of water is more than the cost of extracting each unit, and this difference leads to excessive extraction of underground water and the reduction of the level of underground water, and finally the welfare of rice producers. So that if the underground water level decreases by 0.81 meters, the social benefit of the beneficiaries will decrease by 1110257.61 riyals.
Conclusion: This study suggests that in addition to price policies, non-price solutions such as applying restrictions on the amount of water extraction should be used in order to preserve underground water tables.
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