Effect of freeze-drying and spray-drying on total phenolics content and antioxidant activity from aqueous extract of Justicia secunda leaves

Subject Areas : Phytochemistry: Isolation, Purification, Characterization

Emmanuel N’dri  Koffi ¹ (Ecole Normale Supérieure (ENS), Département des Sciences et Technologie, 08 BP 10 Abidjan 08, Côte d’Ivoire)
Amian Brise Benjamin  Kassi ² (Laboratoire de chimie organique et de substances naturelles (LCOSN), Université de Félix HOUPHOUËT-BOIGNY, 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22, Côte d'Ivoire)
Felix Anoh  Adje ³ (INPHB, Laboratoire des Procédés Industriels, de Synthèse, de l’Environnement et des Energies Nouvelles BP 1093 Yamoussoukro, Côte d’Ivoire)
Yves François  Lozano ⁴ (CIRAD, UMR-110 INTREPID (INTensification Raisonnée et Ecologique pour une Pisculture Durable), TA B 110-16, 73 rue J. F. Breton, 34098 Montpellier cedex 5, France)
Yves-Alain  Bekro ⁵ (Université Nangui Abrogoua, Laboratoire de Chimie Bio Organique et de Substances Naturelles (LCBOSN), 02 BP 801 Abidjan 02, Cote d’Ivoire 02)

Received: 2019-07-17 Accepted : 2020-04-18 Published : 2020-06-01

Keywords: Reverse osmosis concentration, Spray-drying, Total phenolics content, Freeze-drying, Justicia secunda Vahl, Antioxidant capacity,

Abstract :

This study aims to evaluate the effect of freeze-drying and spray-drying on total phenolics con tents and antioxidant capacity from aqueous extract of Justicia secunda leaves. Total pheno lic compounds extraction procedure consists of using an extraction-concentration procedure performed at three-step process, including ultrasound-assisted water extraction followed by cross-flow microfiltration of the crude extract and its concentration by reverse osmosis. After final step of extraction procedure, a concentrated extract, namely RO extract was obtained. In order to convert RO extract to powder form, two drying methods are used; freeze-drying and spray-drying. The powder obtained by freeze drying, namely P1, presented the higher content of polyphenols (9542 ± 38 μmol.g-1 GAE) and antioxidant capacity (4256 ± 15 μmol.g-1 TE) than that obtained by spray drying and namely P2. The freeze-drying technology could be a good outcome to preserve polyphenols structure and consequently their antioxidant capacity in aqueous extract of J. secunda leaves. Moreover, seven minor phenolic compounds of RO extract were characterized by HPLC coupled to UV/Vis diode array detection and mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization (LC/DAD/ESI-MS). There were kaempferol-3-O-coumaroyl gluco side (10), justiflorinol (14), luteolin-7-O-rutinoside (18), apigenin 6-C-glucoside-7-O-rhamno syl-hexoside (19), quercetin-7-O-glucoside-3-O-rutinoside (20), apigenin-7-O-neohesperido side (23), and naringenin-7-O-rutinoside (25) among the characterized compounds.

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