Isolation and characterization of phytoconstituents and exploration of in vitro and in vivo biological activities of Anaxagorea luzonensis A. Gray (Annonaceae)

Subject Areas : Phytochemistry: Isolation, Purification, Characterization

Sabiha Rahman ¹ , Fatema Tuz-Zohora ² , Ramisa Anjum ³ , A.H.M Nazmul Hasan ⁴ , Mohiuddin Ahmed Bhuiyan ⁵ , Choudhury Mahmood Hasan ⁶ , Mohammad Shahriar ^{7 *}

1 - Phytochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh
2 - Phytochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh
3 - Phytochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh
4 - Phytochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh
5 - Phytochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh
6 - Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
7 - Phytochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh

Received: 2025-02-17 Accepted : 2025-06-23 Published : 2025-06-25

Keywords: Anaxagorea luzonensis A. Gray, Annonaceae, Antioxidant, Analgesic, Antipyretic, Cytotoxic, Phytoconstituents, Spinasterol,

Abstract :

From the stem bark of Anaxagorea luzonensis A. Gray using a modified Kupchan technique, the plant's methanol, n-hexane, and CCl4 extracts were subjected to phytochemical screening, isolation and pharmacological tests. Key compounds identified include alkaloids, carbohydrates, saponins, glycosides, and glucosides. Spinasterol was isolated and identified via ¹H-NMR and ¹³C-NMR for the first time from this plant. The extracts exhibited significant antioxidant activity, with IC50 values ranging from 55.768 to 157.57 μg/mL, and the methanol extract showed the highest levels of phenols and flavonoids. Cytotoxicity was observed with IC50 values of 0.034 and 1.498 µg/mL for CCl4 and n-hexane extracts, respectively. In vivo testing revealed the methanol extract’s strong antipyretic effect and pain relief at 200 mg/kg, with no toxicity at high doses. These findings support A. luzonensis as a promising source for bioactive natural compounds.

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