تاثیر عزت نفس بر توانمند سازی اقتصادی زنان شهر تهران
محورهای موضوعی : جامعه شناسی توسعه
نسرانه ذوالفقاری
1
*
,
مهدی مختارپور
2
1 - دکتری جامعه شناسی اقتصادی و توسعه، مدرس دانشگاه علمی کاربردی
2 - استادیار جامعه شناسی، واحد تهران غرب، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
کلید واژه: توانمند سازی زنان, عزت نفس, توانمند سازی اقتصادی,
چکیده مقاله :
مقدمه: زنان برای کسب موفقیت در بخش اقتصادی و رسیدن به توانمندی اقتصادی نیاز به تقویت عزت نفس دارند. موضوع توانمند سازی زنان به مثابه یک مفهوم اساسی در تمام رویکردها، در حوزه زنان به ویژه در سال های اخیر مورد توجه بسیاری از فعالان حوزه زنان، سازمانهای دولتی و غیر دولتی قرار گرفته است.
هدف: پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی نقش عزت نفس بر توانمند سازی اقتصادی زنان شهر تهران انجام شده است.
روش: جامعه آماری پژوهش، تعداد 402 نفر از زنان بین سن18 تا 60 سال ساکن شهر تهران هستند که به روش نمونه گیری خوشه ای چند مرحله ای انتخاب شده اند. ابزار پژوهش، پرسشنامه محقق ساخته است. جهت تحلیل داده ها از نرم افزار SPSS و از مدل معادلات ساختاری تحت نرم افزار ایموس استفاده شده است.
یافته ها: نتایج حاصل بیان گراین بود که بین شاخص عزت نفس و توانمندی اقتصادی زنان شهر تهران رابطه معناداری وجود دارد.
نتیجه گیری: در مقایسه ای که بین دو گروه سنی زنان زیر 30 سال و بالای 30 سال صورت گرفت مشخص شد زنان زیر 30 سال در نمونه مورد مطالعه از عزت نفس بالاتری در مقایسه با زنانی که بالای سی سال هستند، برخوردار هستند. و همچنین زنان مجرد در مقایسه با زنان متاهل از عزت نفس بالاتری برخوردار هستند. و بر حسب سطح تحصیلات و اشتغال ، زنان شاغل و دارای تحصیلات بالاتر از عزت نفس بالاتری برخوردار هستند.
Introduction: Women need to strengthen their self-esteem to achieve success in the economic sector and achieve economic empowerment. The issue of women's empowerment, as a fundamental concept in all approaches, has attracted the attention of many women's activists, governmental and non-governmental organizations, especially in recent years
Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the role of self-esteem on the economic empowerment of women in Tehran.
Method: The research was quantitative and conducted using a survey method. Based on a multi-stage random cluster sampling method, 402 women between the ages of 18 and 60 were selected as the statistical population according to the Cochran formula. SPSS software and structural equation modeling under IMOS software were used to analyze the data.
Findings: The results indicated that there is a significant relationship between the self-esteem index and the economic empowerment of women in Tehran.
Conclusion: In a comparison between two age groups of women under 30 and over 30, it was found that women under 30 in the studied sample had higher self-esteem compared to women over 30. Also, single women have higher self-esteem compared to married women. And in terms of education and employment level, employed and highly educated women have higher self-esteem.
Bayissa W, F.; Smits, J. and Ruben, R. (2018) The Multidimensional Nature of Women's Empowerment: Beyond the Economic Approach , Journal of International Development, 30(4) 661-690
Bandura, A. (2001). Social cognitive theory : An agentic perspective. Annual review of psychology, 52(1), 1-26
Bennett, L .(2002).Using Empowerment and Social Inclusion For Pro-poor Growth: A Theory of Social Change.working Draft of Background paper for the Social Develppment Strategy Paper. Washigton, DC
Derera, E., Croce, F., Phiri, M. & O’Neill, C (2020). Entrepreneurship and women’s economic empowerment in Zimbabwe: Research themes and future research perspectives. The Journal for Transdisciplinary Research in Southern Africa, 16(1), 1-13.
Ebrahimpour, Y; Esmaili, & Haji Anzahai Z (2015). "The Relationship Between Self-Esteem and the Need for Success of Female Physical Education Teachers in Bonab City" Journal of Women and Family Studies.28(4). 7-33. (In Persian)
Ganesan, S (2023)Empowering the women workforce: a study on women domestic workers, The Journal for Russian Law Journal, 11( 9)98-124
Gholipour, A & Rahimian, A. (2009) The relationship between economic, cultural and educational factors and the empowerment of female heads of households, Journal of Social Welfare Quarterly, 11( 61), 45-63 (In Persian)
Hajilo, V; Moghimi, Z & Valizadeh, H (2019). "Identifying the components of organizing and empowering female heads of households in Chaldoran County", Journal of Strategic Studies on Women.89(4).95-116. (In Persian)
HosseinReza, M. and Yasmin, N. (2019) Empowering Women: Empowering Bangladesh, Journal of Women's Studies, 1( 1), 15-23 (In Persian)
Jabbari, H (2005). Community-based approaches to poverty alleviation programs in Iran, Journal of Social Welfare, 5( 81), 123-144 (In Persian)
Khedri, K & Yazdanpanah, M (2019). "Explanation of psychological factors affecting the empowerment of women in the study: Likke County", Journal of Iranian Agricultural Economics and Development Research.2(51) .329-341. (In Persian)
Karmakar , P (2023) Empowerment and Women’s Empowerment – A Theoretical Basis: International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research,15(3)
Longwe, S. H. (1991) Gender awareness :the missing element in the third World development projec, a Chapter of “Changing Perceptions: Writing on Gender and Development” , by Wallace T. & March C : OXFORD
Mohammadpour, A (2011) "Women and the Culture of Poverty" Journal of Social Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, 1(4),. 165-197. (In Persian)
Musick, K., & Mare, R. D. (2012). Recent trends in the inheritance of poverty and family structure. Social Science Research, 35(2), 471-499
Moghaddas Farimani, Sh & Mirtorabi, M (2017)."Analysis of the Facilitating Components of Rural Women's Economic Empowerment (Case Study of Members of Rural Women's Microcredit Funds in Semnan Province), Journal of Iranian Agricultural Economics and Development Research.52(3),554-567. (In Persian)
Shadi Talab, Jh (2002), Development and Challenges of Iranian Women, Tehran: Qatra Publications.
Tarkashvand Fatemeh & Frank (2022) A comparative study of self-esteem and self-concept in employed and unemployed women in Khorramabad city, Journal of New Advances in Behavioral Sciences.5(81),255-271. (In Persian)
Zolfaghari, N, Fathi, S & Mokhtarpour, M. (1403). Investigating the role of individual tendencies as an agent on the economic empowerment of women in Tehran, Journal of Social Psychological Studies of Women.22(4),117-149, ,(In Persian)