A Creative Cycle of Promotion: From Architectural Creativity to the Sense of Place and its Resulting Creativeness
Subject Areas :
Space Ontology International Journal
Hossein Rezaei
1
1 - Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermansha, Iran.
Received: 2018-06-23
Accepted : 2021-02-18
Published : 2020-12-01
Keywords:
sense of place,
Spatial Behavior,
Environmental Affordances,
Cycle of Creativity,
Abstract :
Creativity is one of the most prominent humankind properties, which has a particular worth in human communities and has been a pivotal subject of many scientific researches in various fields of knowledge. Environmental Psychology is a leading scientific area related to this topic that studies the relation between the physical environment and space users’ mentality including the creativity process. In this regard, this paper tracks the answer to the inquiry, “What are the environmental factors’ impacts on user’s creativity and the role of architecture in orientating them?”. Therefore, the main purpose of the research is a prototypical determination of characteristics and mechanisms of creativity-inciting places to lead more creativity by designing places creatively. From a methodical point of view, the research is based on an amalgamated methodology to conclude a theoretic framework and validate it statistically in a case study. The case study of research consists of architecture learning environments where postgraduate students are questioned to describe inciting behaviors of their creativity and the physical features of stimulation of such activities. Due to the present survey, some special characteristics, functional spaces, and respective environmental affordances are introduced as the main features affecting the augmentation of creativity. Ultimately, they are classified and graded as some environmental attributes, by a heuristic factor analysis, considerably are seemed to be the main factors increasing the sense of place. It should be noted that the prominent aspect of this study is its systematic problem-solving approach and its findings consequently which are realized in two schemata: Firstly, as an expanded instrument for the evaluation of an environment in the provision and improvement of users’ creativity, and secondly, as the theoretical foundation of a structural pattern for designing creativity enhancer environments. Therefore, it might be cited the findings of this research points to a cycle of promotion: From Architectural Creativity to the Sense of Place and its Resulting Creativeness.
References:
Alexander, C. (1979). Architecture and Secret of Immortality: Timeless Way of Building. (M. Ghayoumi Bidhendi, Trans.). Tehran: Shahid Beheshti University Press. (In Persian).
Amabile, T. M. (1983). The Social Psychology of Creativity. New York: Springer-Verlag.
Amabile, T.M. (1988). A Model of Creativity and Innovation in Organisations. Research in Organisational Behaviour, 10, 123-167.
Amabile, T.M. (1990). With You, without You, the Social Psychology of Creativity and Beyonal. In Theories of Creativity, R. Albert & M. Albert (Eds.). Sage Publication.
Amabile, T.M., Hill, K.G., Hennessey, B.A. & Thige, E.M. (1994). The Work Preference Inventory: Assessing Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivational Orientations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66(5), 950-967.
Azemati, H., Parviz, R., Karimi Azari, A.R. & Aghaghi Kallaki, M. (2016). Design Effective Principles in Improving Students' Creativity in Teaching Spaces, Example Case: Maidenly High Schools in Lahijan, Quarterly Journal of Innovation and Creativity in Human Sciences, 6(2), 121-142. (In Persian).
Barrett, P., & Barrett L. (2010). The Potential of Positive Places: Senses, Brain, and Spaces. Intelligent Buildings International, 2(3), 218-228.
Beatty, E.L., & Ball, L.J. (2011). Investigating Exceptional Poets to Inform an Understanding of the Relationship between Poetry and Design. DESIRE '11: Proceedings of the Second Conference on Creativity and Innovation in Design. 157-165.
Bisadi, M., Mozaffar, F., & Hosseini, S.B. (2013). Spatial Aspects of Public Areas Affecting the Researchers Creativity and Innovation in an Architecture and Urban Design Research Center. Technology of Education, 7(3), 239-249. (In Persian).
Brill, M., Margulis, S., & Konar, E. (1984). Using Office Design to Increase Productivity. Buffalo, NY: Workplace Design and Productivity, Inc.
Brill, M., Weidermann, S., Alard, L., Olson, J., & Keable, E. (2001). Disproving Widespread Myths about Workplace Design. Jasper. IN: Kimball International.
Boden, M. (1999). Computer Models of Creativity. In Handbook of Creativity, R. J. Sternberg (Ed.). New York: Cambridge University Press.
Casakina, H., & Kreitler, S. (2011). The Cognitive Profile of Creativity in Design. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 6(3), 159–168.
Castells, M., & Hall, P.G. (1994). Techno Poles of the World: The Making of Twenty-first Century Industrial Complexes. London, New York: Routledge.
Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1996). Creativity: Flow and the Psychology of Discovery and Invention. New York: HarperCollins.
Dul, J., Ceylan, C., & Jaspers, F. (2011). Knowledge Workers’ Creativity and the Role of the Physical Work Environment. Human Resource Management, 50(6), 715-734.
Evans, R., & Russell, P. (1989). The Creative Manager. London: Unwin Hyman.
Franz, G. (2004). Physical and Affective Correlates to Perceived Order in Open-plan Architecture. Dresden International Symposium of Architecture, Dresden, Germany.
Franz, G., & Wiener, J.M. (2008). From Space Syntax to Space Semantics: A Behaviourally and Perceptually Oriented Methodology for the Efficient Description of the Geometry and Topology of Environments. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 35(4), 574-592.
Gharebigloo, M. (2012). The Role of Environmental Effects on Developing Creativity in Children. Manzar, 4(19), 86-91.
Gibson, J.J. (1977). The Theory of Affordances. In Perceiving, Acting, and Knowing, R. Shaw & J. Bransford (Eds.). New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Golestan Hashemi, M. (2008). Sociology of Creativity and Innovation. Journal of Social Sciences Development, 11 (3).
Ivcevic, Z., Brackett, M.A., & Mayer, J. D. (2007). Emotional Intelligence and Emotional Creativity. Journal of Personality, 75(2), 199-236.
Kamrani, A., & Behzadfar, M. (2016). The Meaning of Place; A Constant or Changing Quality? Lynch, Rapoport and Semiotics View Points. Space Ontology International Journal, 5(2), 43-47.
Karimi Azari, A.R., Hosseini, S.B., Saleh Sedghpour, B., & Hosseini, A. (2016). Design Principles of Residential Space to Enhance Children’s (3-7 Years Old) Creativity in Iran (Case Study: Tehran District 4). Bagh-e Nazar, 13(41), 19-34. (In Persian).
Karimifard, L., & Tabatabei Malazi, F. (2017). Physical Factors Influencing Place Identity in Higher Education Environments (Case Study: Islamic Azad University, South Tehran Branch). Space Ontology International Journal, 6(1), 55-68.
Killeen, J.P., Evans, G.W., & Danko, S. (2003). The Role of Permanent Student Artwork in Students’ Sense of Ownership in an Elementary School. Environment and Behaviour, 35(2), 250-263.
Lang, J. (1980). The Built Environment and Social Behaviour: Architectural Determinism Re-Examined. Via, 4, 146-153.
Lang, J. (1987). Creating Architectural Theory: The Role of the Behavioural Sciences in Environmental Design. (A. R. Einifar, Trans.). Tehran: Tehran University Press. (In Persian).
MacKinnon, D.W. (1962). The Nature and Nurture of Creative Talent. American Psychologist, 17, 484-495.
Mayer, R.E. (1999). Fifty Years of Creativity Research. In Handbook of Creativity, R. J. Sternberg (Ed.). New York: Cambridge University Press.
Mayer, J., Caruso, D., & Salovey, P. (2000). Emotional Intelligence Meets Traditional Standards for an Intelligence. Intelligence, 27(4), 267-298.
McCoy, J.M. (2005). Linking the Physical Work Environment to Creative Context. Journal of Creative Behaviour, 39 (3), 167-189.
Meyers-Levy, J., & Zhu, R. (2007). The Influence of Ceiling Height: The Effect of Priming on the Type of Processing that People Use. Journal of Consumer Research, 34(2), 174–186.
Motalebi, G. (2001). Environmental Psychology: A New Knowledge Serving Architecture and Urban Planning. Honar-Ha-Ye-Ziba Memar-Va-Shahrsazi, 10. 52-67. (In Persian).
Nickerson, R.S. (1999). Enhancing Creativity. UK: Cambridge University Press.
Osborn, A.F. (1953). Applied Imagination. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons.
Osborn, A., & Scribner, C. (1984). Your Creative Power: How to Use Imagination. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons.
Pancholi, S., Yigitcanlar, T., & Guaralda, M. (2015). Place Making Facilitators of Knowledge and Innovation Spaces: Insights from European Best Practices. International Journal of Knowledge-based Development, 6(3), 215-240.
Rezaei, H. (2018). Investigating the Psychological Impacts of Place on Built Environment Users’ Creativity (Case Study: Spatial Impacts of Educational Environments on Architecture Students’ Creativity). Ph.D. Dissertation, Islamic azad University Central Tehran Branch. (In Persian).
Rezaei, H., Keramati, G., Dehbashi Sharif, M., & Nasirsalami, M. R. (2018). A Meta-Analytical Attitude to the Form-Function Relation in Architecture Using the Concept of Creativity. Cogent Arts & Humanities, 5(1).
Rezaei, H., Keramati, G., Dehbashi Sharif, M., & Nasirsalami, M. (2018). A Schematic Explanatory Pattern for the Psychological Process of Achieving Environmental Meaning and Actualizing Sense of Place Focusing on the Intervening Role of the Perception. Bagh-e Nazar, 15(65). 49-66.
Rezaei, H. (2019). Human and the Environment (Environmental Psychology). Master of Architecture Course Notes, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah Branch, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Architecture and Urbanism (In Persian).
Rezaei, H., Keramati, G., Dehbashi Sharif, M., & Shafai, M., & Madani, R. (2010). Principles of Designing Children's Educational Spaces Based on Creativity Model. Technology of Education, 4(3). 215-232. (In Persian).
Simonton, D.K. (2005). Creativity. In Handbook of Positive Psychology, C. R. Snyder, & S. J. Lopez (Eds.). US: Oxford University Press.
Stamps, III, A.E. (2005). Isovists, Enclosure and Permeability Theory. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 32(5), 735-762.
Stamps, III, A.E., & Krishnan, V.V. (2006). Spaciousness and Boundary Roughness. Environment and Behaviour, 38(6), 841-872.
Steiner, R. (1916). The Twelve Human Senses. In Toward Imagination: Culture and the Individual. (1990). Hudson NY: Anthroposophic Press.
Strzalecki, A. (2000). Creativity in Design: General Model and its Verification. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 64(2&3), 241–260.
Toker, U. (2003). Space for Innovation: Effects of Space on Innovation Processes in Basic Science and Research Settings. Ph.D. Dissertation, North Carolina State University.
Torrance, E. P. (1974). Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking: Norms-Technical Manual. Bensenville, IL: Scholastic Testing Service.
Wallas, G. (1926). The Art of Thought. New York: Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich.
Williams, A. (2013). A Grammar of Creative Workplaces. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of East London