Analyzing the historic district of Tehran regarding walkability approach (case study: Naseri fortification)

Subject Areas : Space Ontology International Journal

Manouchehr Tabibian ¹ , masoome mohammadi ²

1 - Urban Design and planning ,College of Fine Arts, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2 - faculty of architecture and urbanization, Qazvin Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran.

Received: 2017-12-12 Accepted : 2018-05-17 Published : 2021-06-01

Keywords: walkability, historic district, Multi-Criteria analysis, Naseri fortification,

Abstract :

Addressing human needs in urban areas has been one of the most significant factors in the formation and expansion of cities. Between the human needs, walking is one of the most important ones and has been ignored in present-day cities. The main goal of providing pedestrian walkways is to give priority to pedestrians in order to revive civil life. Pedetrianization will play an undeniable role in the revitalization of urban centers by providing a framework for social interactions and allowing citizens to enter a safe and peaceful environment. As the historic district of Tehran, Naseri fortification is one of the most important parts of the city with the capability of gathering, shopping and recreation. In this fortification, we can take the advantage of the existing potential of the historic fabric of Tehran and create a vital, stable and secure space, along with physical and functional revitalization. Walkability is the main approach toward achieving this goal, and accordingly, the present research aims to analyze Naseri fortification of Tehran concerning walkability. The present condition analysis is performed according to the qualitative indicators such as physical-functional, socioeconomic and environmental indicators and additionally, the quantitative indicators such as density of the historical attractions, type of activities, and accessibility to the metro stations. Afterwards, the passages in this area are prioritized through the multi-criteria approach for adding pedestrian walkways based on the obtained results and eventually, the selected passages are identified in order to construct new pedestrian walkways or widen existing sidewalks.

References:

1. Choi, E, Sardari, S, (2012), Urban diversity and pedestrian behavior – Refining the concept of land-use mix for walkability, Proceedings of the 8th International Space Syntax Symposium, Paper ref no. 8073, pp. 1–15.


2. Ebrahimi, V. (2001), The pedestrian street of Jannat in Mshhad, another vision, Shahrdariha, Vol. 29, pp. 70-75 (In Persian).


3. Ewing, R., Handy, S., (2009), Measuring the Unmeasurable: Urban Design Qualities Related to Walkability, Journal of Urban Design, Vol.14, No.1: 65-84.


4. Ewing R, Schmid T, Killingsworth R, Zlot A, Raudenbush S. (2003), Relationship between urban sprawl and physical activity, obesity, and morbidity. 18(1):47-57.


5. Florida Pedestrian Planning and Design Guidelines, Florida. (1996), Department of Transportation, Total 185 sheets.


6. Herrmann, T., Boisjoly, G,. Ross, N.A., El-Geneidy, A. M., (2017), Filling the Gap Between Walkability and Observed Walking Behavior, Transportation Research Record, Vol.2661.


7. Habibi, M., Maghsoodi, M. (2002), Urban renovation, Tehran University Press, (In Persian).


8. Habibi, M. (2001), Tourist walkway, Honar-Ha-Ye-Ziba: Architecture and Urbanism, Vol. 9, pp. 43-51, (In Persian).


9. Habibi, K.. (2013), Evaluation of Global Transportation Experiences and Intervention Policies in Urban historical areas regarding walkability, Iranian Architecture and Urbanism, Vol. 5 (In Persian).


10. Hasanzade, M. Soltanzade, H., Tabibian, M. (2015), The Effect of Urban Transport Technology on the Form and Activity in Historical areas with Emphasis on Walking regarding walkability (case study: region 12 of Theran), Iranina Journal of Antropology Research, Vol. 2, pp. 117-137, (In Persian).


11. Hrushowy, N., Christopher, J. (2006), "A Case Study of Pedestrian Space Networks in Two Traditional Urban Neighbourhoods, Copenhagen, Denmark" UC Berkeley.


12. Kashaniju, K. (2006), The Importance of Walking Spaces in Cities, Jastar-Ha-Ye-Shahrsazi, Vol. 17, pp. 40-51, (In Persian).


13. Lo, R.H, (2009), Walkability: What is it?, Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability, Vol.2. (2), pp.145–166.


14. Matan, A., Newman, P., (2012), Jan Gehl and New Visions for Walkable Australian Cities. Special Edition A Future Beyond the Car? vol. 17.


15. Mehdizade, J. (2001), Concepts and foundations of constructing pedestrian streets, Shahrdariha, Vol. 19, (In Persian).


16. Moeini, M. (2015), Walkabale cities, Azarakhsh Press, Tehran, (In Persian).


17. Moradi, N. (2001), Returning to Pedestrian Streets: experience in Tarbiat Street and Jannat Street, Shahrdariha, Vol. 18, pp. 71-75, (In Persian).


18. Pakzad, J. (2007), Urban areas designing, Shahidi Press, Tehran (In Persian).


19. Reyer, S. Fina, S. Siedentop, W. (2014), Schlicht Walkability is only part of the story: walking for transportation in Stuttgart Germany. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public. Health, 11, pp. 5849-5865.


20. Shahidi, M. (2002), Sustainable Transportation in cities, Journal Management System, Vol 11, (In Persian).


21. Stoner, T., M.B. Arruda-Campos, and A. Smith, (2003), Towards a Walkability Index, Proceedings of Walk21 3rd Annual International Conference, Donostia–San Sebastian, Spain.


22. Tabibian, M., Ramezani, M. (2014), The feasibility of transforming the urban street into a pedestrian street with the approach of promoting social interactions and concerning sustainable urban development (case study: Rahnamaei Street in Mashhad), Civil, Arrchitecture and Sustainable Management Engineering Conference, Gorgan, (In Persian).


23. Uhlig, K, (1979), Pedestrian Areas; From Malls to Complete Networks, Architecture Book Publishing Co., Inc., NewYork.

 Website References

1. http://www.region11.tehran.ir/


2. http://www.region12.tehran.ir/