اثر تاريخ كاشت بر عملكرد و اجزاي عملكرد ژنوتيپ¬هاي گلرنگ تحت شرايط اروميه

محورهای موضوعی : توليد محصولات زراعي

علیرضا عیوضی ¹ (مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی ارومیه)

تاریخ دریافت : 1389/05/07 تاریخ پذیرش : 1390/06/25 تاریخ انتشار : 1389/10/18

کلید واژه: تاريخ كاشت, ژنوتيپ, عملكرد دانه, گلرنگ,

چکیده مقاله :

به منظور بررسي اثرات تاريخ كاشت بر ژنوتيپ¬هاي گلرنگ تحت شرايط اروميه، آزمايشي در سال زراعي 9-1388 انجام شد. آزمايش به صورت فاكتوريل در قالب طرح بلوك‌هاي كامل تصادفي با چهار تكرار اجرا شد. فاكتورهاي آزمايشي شامل تاريخ كاشت در چهار سطح (1 ارديبهشت، 15 ارديبهشت، 31 ارديبهشت و 15 خرداد) به عنوان فاكتور اول و پنج ژنوتيپ به نام¬¬هاي (IL-111،S-541، PI-250536، PI-250537 و (Syprus bregun به عنوان فاكتور دوم مورد بررسي قرار گرفتند. نتايج تجزيه واريانس نشان داد كه تأثير تاريخ كاشت بر عملكرد دانه، تعداد دانه در غوزه، تعداد غوزه در بوته، شاخص برداشت و درصد روغن معني¬دار بود. عملكرد دانه در تاريخ¬هاي كشت اول، دوم، سوم و چهارم به ترتيب 22/223، 65/197، 71/185، 99/173 گرم در متر مربع بود. بيشترين تعداد غوزه بارور، تعداد دانه در غوزه و وزن هزار دانه به ترتيب به ژنوتيپ¬هاي PI-250537، S-541 وSyprus bregun در اولين تاريخ كاشت اختصاص داشت. اثر متقابل تاريخ كاشت در ژنوتيپ براي صفات، تعداد شاخه جانبي، ماده خشك كل، عملكرد دانه، تعداد غوزه در بوته، تعداد دانه درغوزه، شاخص برداشت، درصد روغن و وزن هزار دانه معني¬دار بود (01/0 (P. ضرايب همبستگي بين صفات نشان داد، عملكرد دانه با صفت تعداد دانه در غوزه همبستگي مثبت و معني¬داري داشت. بر اساس این نتايج، كشت بهاره در اولين فرصت بهتر از كشت¬هاي تأخيري خواهد بود.

چکیده انگلیسی:

To investigate the effects of planting date of safflower genotypes under Urmia climatic conditions, an experiment was conducted in 2009-10. A factorial experiment was arranged in Randomized Complete Blocks Design with four replications. Four sowing date (April 21, May 5, May 21, June 5) and five genotypes (IL-111, S-541, PI-250536, PI-250537, Syprus bregun) were established levels as second factors. Results of analyses of variance showed that the effect of planting date were significantly differenct for traits of grain yield, number of grain per boll, number of bolls per plant, harvest index and oil grain percentage. The grain yield of first, second, third and fourth sowing dates were 223.12, 197.65, 185.71 and 173.99 gr/m2, respectively. The highest fertile boll, kernel per boll and 1000-kernel weight were allocated for PI-250537, S-541 and Syprus bregun genotypes in the first planting date, respectively. Interaction between planting date and genotype on lateral branch, total dry matter, grain yield, number of bolls per plant, number of grain per boll, harvest index, oil percentage and 1000-kernel weight were meaningful (P 0.01). Correlation coefficients between traits showed that there were positive significant differences for number of grain per boll with grain yield. Based on these results, early spring planting date will be move suitable than other dilatory planting.

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