بررسی اثر سمیت تنفسی اسانس پنج گیاه داروییروی سه گونه آفت انباری
محورهای موضوعی : گیاه پزشکی
زهرا رفیعی کرهرودی
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فاطمه سیفی
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علیرضا رهبرپور
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کلید واژه: Essential oils, insecticide, اسانس های گیاهی, حشره کشی, دورکنندگی, آفت انباری, stored product pests,
چکیده مقاله :
اسانس‌ها ترکیبات مناسبی به عنوان جایگزین ترکیبات شیمیایی می‌باشند. شب پره هندی (Plodia interpunctella Hübner) ، شپشه آرد (Tribolium confusum Jacquelin Duval) و سوسک چینی حبوبات (Callosobruchus chinensis L.) از آفات مهم انباری هستند که خسارت زیادی به محصولات انباری وارد می‌آورند. در این تحقیق به بررسی اثر حشره کشی اسانس پنج گیاه دارویی شامل رزماری، افسنطین، دارچین، بومادران و رازیانه پرداخته شد. اثر حشره کشی این ترکیبات علیه لارو سن یک شب پره هندی، حشرات کامل شپشه آرد و سوسک چینی حبوبات بررسی شد. بیشترین اثر دورکنندگی توسط اسانس رزماری روی شب پره هندی و کم‌ترین اثر دورکنندگی توسط افسنطین و بومادران روی سوسک چینی مشاهده شد. بیشترین میزان حشره کشی توسط اسانس دارچین با 100% تلفات روی شب پره هندی و کم‌ترین میزان در مورد اسانس افسنطین و رزماری روی شپشه آرد با 10% تلفات مشاهده شد. نتایج این تحقیق بیانگر این است که اسانس‌ها به ویژه دارچین دارای پتانسیل بالایی در کنترل آفات انباری هستند و پتانسیل استفاده به عنوان حشره کش را دارند.
Essential oils are suitable components as alternate for chemical pesticides. Indian meal moth Plodia interpunctella Hubner Tribolium confusum Herbst and Callosobruchus chinensis are some of the most important stored product pests. In this research, insecticidal effects of essential oils of five medicinal plants have been studied on these pests. Plants include Achillea wilhelmsii, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Artemisia absinthium, Rosmarinus officinalis and Foeniculum vulgare whose essential oils are extracted by hydrodistilation method. Insecticide activity of essential oils were studied on adults of T. confusum and C. chinensis and first instars larvae P. interpunctella. Cinnamon had the most insecticide activity on all insects especially Indian meal moth and the least insecticide activity was observed by absenthin and rosemary on Tribolium. There is a significant difference between insecticide effects of essential oil on three pests. Also by increasing doses mortality increased. These results showed essential oils, especially Cinnamon, have a good potential for use in warehouses and they can be used instead of fumigant pesticides as insecticide.
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