نقد روانکاوانه«شرح پریشانی» وحشی بافقی
محورهای موضوعی : زبان و ادبیات فارسی
1 - دانشآموختۀ دکتری زبان و ادبیات فارسی، دانشگاه گیلان
کلید واژه: ناخودآگاه, وحشی بافقی, خودآگاه, نقدِ روانکاوانه,
چکیده مقاله :
درشعرِشرح پریشانی، وحشی بافقی، به شرح رابطه عشقی خود با معشوق خود میپردازد. با توجه به نظریة ناخودآگاه فروید، شاعر در روند شرح حال پریشانی خود کلمه ها و جمله هایی را ناخواسته از ضمیر و ناخود آگاه یا نهاد خود بر زبان می آورد که نهاد و ضمیر او را برای ما آشکار می سازد. با این همه شاعر با داشتن خودآگاه نیرومند تلاش می کند ناخودآگاه خود را به گونه ای ماهرانه مهار کند و بر واقعیت درونی خود سرپوش بگذارد. به گفتة فروید با این کارش امیال خود را به ناخود آگاه می سپارد و بهای متمدن شدن خودش را می پردازد. در این راه شاعر گاهی با اشاره به داستا نی کهن و مقدس لغزش زبانی خودش را توجیه می کند. کوشش وحشی یعنی جدال میان خودآگاه و ناخود آگاه باعث ایجاد نوعی تضاد درونی در این شعر شده است که تا پایان شعر ادامه دارد و شاعر نمی تواند خودش را از این تضاد رها کند و نتیجه ای قطعی بگیرد. و شاید به این دلیل است که به درد دل می پردازد، بلکه سخنانش دل معشوق را نرم کند و با او کنار بیاید.
In his work “sharh-e- parishani”, VahshiyeBafghi explains his amorous relationship with his beloved. According to Freud’s Unconsciousness Theory, the poet ‘unconsciously’ elicits words and sentences unwittingly From his ‘unconscious’ or ‘Id’ which reveals both his ‘Id’ and ‘inner self’ to us. However, the poet tries to control his ‘unconsciousness’ completelyand conceal the reality of his ‘inner self’.As Freud has told,in this way he sends his desires to his ‘unconsciousness’ and pays for being civilized. Following this track, the poet sometimes justifies his sliptonguesthrough alluding to an old and sacred story. Vahshi’s efforts i.e. the conflict between ‘consciousness’ and ‘unconsciousness’ has led to an internal conflict in his poem which continues up to the end of the poem, and the poet is not able to release himself from this conflict and cannot come to a conclusion absolutely. That is why he pours out his heart to the beloved in order to soften his heart and come to terms with him.
16. Bessler, Charles, (2010) Literary Criticism An Introduction to Theory & practice, Translated by Mostafa Abedini Fard, Tehran: Niloofar Publications, Second Edition.
17. Jafari Gharieh, Ali, (2008) "The Occurrence of vahshi bafghi Beasting in the Sonnet", Journal of Semnan Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Seventh Year, No. 22, pp. 60-45
18. Khanbabzade, Kayomarth (2015) " Features of voghu and vasokht school in vahshis Robaeies " International Conference on Literary Queries, Language and Cultural Communications, Mobin Cultural Institute, Volume One, No. 62 pp. 1-12
19. Jaleh Mohammad Ali, (1993) "With that Wild Wilderness of the Desert", Art and Culture Academy, No. 43, pp. 57-54
20. Freud, Sigmund, (2010), Notes upon a case of obsessional Neurosis, Saeed Shoja Shafti's translation, Tehran: Phoenix Publications, Fifth Edition.
21. Farajifar, Shima, (2013) " “Vughu” and “Vasukht” schools Aspects on the Poetry of vahshi ", by Dr. Mehdi Malek Sabet, mirthfulness Description, Yazd: Arta
Kawa, pp. 24-1
22. Fotouhi, Mahmood (2016) One hundred years of virtual love, school and way of life in the 10th century Persian poetry, Tehran: Sokhan Publications, first edition.
23. Shamissa, Sirous, (2012)A Stylistics survey of persian Poetry, Tehran: Mitra Publishing, Fifth Edition.
24. Shamissa, Sirous (2002) sodomy based on Persian Literature, Tehran: Ferdows Publications.
25. Safa, Zabihullah, (1989) The History of Literature in Iran, Volume 5, Second Section, Tehran: Ferdows Publications, Fourth Edition.
26. Golchin Maani, Ahmad, (1998) The School of Occurrence in Persian Poetry, Mashhad: Ferdowsi University Press.
27. Golchin Maani, Ahmad, (1348) The School of Occurrence in Persian Poetry, Tehran: Foundation for Iranian Culture
28. Golchin Maani, Ahmad (1350), " vasukht and The Effects of vahshi bafghi's Poetry in Urdu", Hilal Magazine, No. 112, pp. 9-9.
29. Makarik, Irena Rima, (2011), Encylopedia of Contemporary Literary Theory, Translated by Mehran Mohajer and Mohammad Nabavi in Tehran: Agah Publishing, Fourth Edition.
30. vahshi Bafghi, Kamaluddin, (2010), Book of Poems, by Hassan mokhaber, Tehran: Namak Publishing, Seventh Edition
31.Yarshater, Ehsan, (2004) Persian poetry in Shahrokh era, Tehran: Tehran University Press, second edition
_||_