واکاوی عوامل موثر بر میل به فرزندآوری با رویکرد پدیدارشناسی
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه زن و جامعه
1 - دکتری سنجش و اندازه گیری، مدرس دانشگاه فرهنگیان، اهواز، ایران.
کلید واژه: واکاوی, عوامل مؤثر, میل به فرزندآوری, کلایزی,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف: هدف پژوهش حاضر کشف و فهم مؤلفه‌های مؤثر در فرایند فرزندآوری در زنان متأهل ایرانی است که با استفاده از روش کلایزی و راهبرد پدیدارشناسی در پائیز سال 1401 انجام شده است.
روش: به‌منظور جمع‌آوری داده‌ها با بهره‌گیری از نمونه‌گیری هدفمند و روش مصاحبه نیمه‌ساختارمند؛ در مصاحبه 23اُم اشباع نظری حاصل شد. این داده‌ها در مراحل هفت‌گانه روش کلایزی تحلیل و اعتبار روایی آن‌ها با استفاده از معیارهای لینکولن و گوبا بررسی و تأیید شد.
یافته ها: یافته‌های حاصل حاکی از احصا 8-مضمون بود که 32-خوشه و 87 کد را پوشش می‌دادند. بر اساس کدهای شناسایی شده، مضامینی همچون اقتصادی(21کد)، فردی(19کد) و روانشناختی(14کد)، به ترتیب دارای اولویت بودند. برحسب فراوانی نیز، بیشترین فراوانی مربوط به "مشکلات اقتصادی" در خوشه موانع دولتی، "مشکلات معیشتی" در خوشه جامعه، "اجاره بها" در خوشه مسکن، "شاغل بودن مادر و امنیت شغلی زوجین" در خوشه اشتغال، "افزایش سن" در خوشه سن، "نگرش منفی" در خوشه مدرنیته و "عدم‌مسئولیت‌پذیری" در خوشه پذیرش نقش خود به‌عنوان پدر و مادر، بوده است.
نتیجه‌گیری: باتوجه‌به اینکه جامعه‌شناسان عقیده دارند تمرکز جدی بر جوانان مبنای فرزندآوری برای نسل آینده است و ثروت هر کشور جمعیت جوان آن کشور است، بنابراین یافته‌های حاصل شده در پژوهش حاضر می‌تواند برای توسعه و پیاده‌سازی برنامه‌های بهبود فرزندآوری، موردتوجه مسئولان جامعه‌شناختی، اقتصادی، روان‌شناسی، مشاوره خانواده و ازدواج و واقع گردد.
The aim of the current research is to discover and understand the effective components in the process of having children in Iranian married women, which was carried out using the Colaizzi method and the phenomenological strategy in the autumn of 2022. In order to collect data using targeted sampling and semi-structured interview method; Theoretical saturation was achieved in the 23rd interview. These data were analyzed in the seven stages of the Claesian method and their validity was checked and confirmed using Lincoln and Guba criteria. The results indicated the statistics of 8 themes (economic, family, individual, sociological, cultural, lifestyle, psychological and health) which covered 32 clusters and 87 codes. Based on the identified codes, themes such as economic (21 codes), individual (19 codes) and psychological (14 codes) were prioritized respectively. In terms of frequency, the highest frequency is related to "economic problems" in the government obstacles cluster, "livelihood problems" in the community cluster, "rent" in the housing cluster, "mother's employment and couple's job security" in the employment cluster, "increase age" in the age cluster, "negative attitude" in the modernity cluster and "Irresponsibility" has been in the cluster of accepting one's role as a parent. Considering that sociologists believe that a serious focus on young people is the basis of childbearing for the future generation and the wealth of any country is its young population, therefore the findings obtained in the current research can be of interest to sociological, economic, psychology, family and marriage counseling.
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