بررسی اثربخشی مداخله مبتنی بر آموزش مهارتهای زندگی بر کیفیت زندگی زنان سرپرست خانوار
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه زن و جامعه
یاسر رضاپور میرصالح
1
(استادیار دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه اردکان)
محسن فلاح
2
(دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد روانشناسی عمومی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد یزد)
مصطفی صابری
3
(دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد روانشناسی بالینی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی)
کلید واژه: کیفیت زندگی, زنان بی سرپرست, مهارتهای زندگی,
چکیده مقاله :
زنان سرپرست خانوار در معرض آسیبهای مختلف روانشناختی و اجتماعی هستند که کیفیت زندگی آنها را تحت تأثیر قرار میدهد. هدف از این پژوهش، بررسی اثر بخشی مداخله مبتنی بر آموزش مهارتهای زندگی بر کیفیت زندگی زنان سرپرست خانوار تحت پوشش اداره بهزیستی شهرستان میبد بود. این پژوهش یک مطالعه نیمه آزمایشی از نوع طرحهای دوگروهی پیش آزمون و پس آزمون با گروه گنترل بود. جامعه آماری پژوهش را کلیه زنان بی سرپرست تحت پوشش اداره بهزیستی شهرستان میبد تشکیل میدادند که تعداد 30 نفر از این افراد با استفاده از نمونه گیری هدفمند انتخاب و در دو گروه 15 نفری آزمایش و کنترل به صورت تصادفی جایگزین شدند. سپس گروه آزمایش طی دوازده جلسه دو ساعته، دو بار در هفته، تحت آموزش مهارتهای زندگی قرار گرفتند و گروه کنترل هیچ آموزشی را دریافت نکردند. هر دو گروه قبل و بعد از اجرای آموزش، به تکمیل پرسشنامه کیفیت زندگی سازمان بهداشت جهانی پرداختند. در نهایت دادههای جمع آوری شده با استفاده از آزمون کوواریانس چند راهه (مانکووا) مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که آموزش مهارتهای زندگی در افزایش کیفیت زندگی شرکت کنندگان گروه آزمایش تاثیر معنی داری داشت. این تأثیر در هر چهار زیر مقیاس این متغیر نیز معنی دار بود. با توجه به این یافتهها میتوان نتیجه گرفت که برای ارتقای کیفیت زندگی زنان بی سرپرست میتوان از آموزش مهارتهای زندگی استفاده کرد.
Women who are headed-household are in exposure of various psychological and social risk factors which influence their quality of life. The purpose of the present study was to investigate effect of Life Skills Intervention on quality of life of women headed-household and supported by Meybod welfare organization. This study was a semi experimental study with pretest posttest design and included control and study groups. The population of this study included all of women Headed-Household and supported by Meybod welfare organization. Between them, 30 women were selected by purposive sampling and randomly assigned in experimental and control group (15 subjects in each group). In experimental group, participants received 12 weekly 2 hour session life skills teachings and control group received no intervention. World health organization quality of life scale (WHOQoL) was completed by all the participants before and after the treatment program. Finally, data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) test. The results show that life skills teachings have a significant effectiveness in improvement of quality of life of experimental group participants. Also, four subscales of quality of life significantly improved. These results indicate that for improvement of quality of life of Women Headed-Household, life skills interventions should used.
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