ارزشیابی آموزش‌های فنی حرفه‌ای زنان روستایی در زمینه‌ی صنایع دستی

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه زن و جامعه

عبدالحمید پاپ زن ¹ (- دانشیار دانشکده کشاورزی و عضو مرکز پژوهشی تحقیقات توسعهی اقتصادی اجتماعی دانشگاه رازی کرمانشاه)
خوشقدم خالدی ² (کارشناس ارشد مهندسی ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی)
عادل سلیمانی ³ (کارشناس ارشد مهندسی ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی)

تاریخ دریافت : 1394/09/24 تاریخ پذیرش : 1394/09/24 تاریخ انتشار : 1390/07/01

کلید واژه: زنان روستایی, صنایع دستی, ارزشیابی, توسعه‌ی روستایی, آموزش‌های فنی حرفه‌ای,

چکیده مقاله :

آموزش زنان روستایی گامی اثربخش در راستای توسعه‌ی پایدار روستایی است. هدف کلی این پژوهش توصیفی – پیمایشی، ارزشیابی آموزش‌های فنی حرفه‌ای غیررسمی زنان روستایی بود. جامعه‌ی آماری این پژوهش را زنان روستاهای شهرستان سنندج در استان کردستان تشکیل دادند و با محاسبه‌ی حجم نمونه‌ای معادل120 نفر با استفاده از جدول کرسجی و مورگان KrejcE,1980 ) Morgan &) از روش نمونه‌گیری چند مرحله‌ای استفاده شد. ابزار گرد‌آوری داده‌ها پرسشنامه بود که روایی ظاهری و محتوایی آن به وسیله‌ی پانل متخصصین تایید گردید. جهت تعیین پایایی پرسشنامه از روش آزمون مجدد استفاده شد و پایایی آزمون مورد تایید قرار گرفت. بر اساس یافته‌ها، تفاوتی معنادار بین مهارت پیشین و کنونی پاسخگویان در زمینه‌ی صنایع دستی پس از شرکت در برنامه‌های آموزش فنی و حرفه ای بدست آمد. بررسی تفاوت در تغییر دانش زنان روستایی بر حسب سطح تحصیلات، حاکی از آن بود که اختلافی معنی‌دار بین تغییر دانش زنان روستایی در سطوح گوناگون تحصیلی وجود دارد. با توجه این‌که هدف از اجرای این آموزش‌ها اشتغال زایی در راستای توسعه‌ی اقتصادی روستا می‌باشد، اما متاسفانه به علت محدودیت اعتبارات، نبود صرفه‌ی اقتصادی تولید در سطح خرد و... امکان اشتغال زنان روستایی در زمینه‌ی صنایع دستی بسیار محدود است. جهت برطرف شدن این معضل، تشکیل شرکت‌های تعاونی زنان روستایی و شرکت‌های تعاونی فرش بافی در روستا پیشنهاد می‌شود.  

چکیده انگلیسی:

Training rural women is an effective step toward sustainable rural development. The general purpose of this descriptive survey was to evaluate informal technical and vocational trainings of rural women. The study population included rural women in Sanandaj city. According to Krejcie & Morgan’s Table (1980), a sample of 120 respondents were selected using stage sampling method. Research instrument was a questionnaire whose face and content validity was approved by a panel of experts. To estimate its reliability a use was made of test-retest method which indicated its reliability. The findings of the study pointed to a significant difference between respondents’ skills prior and subsequent to receiving the trainings. An exploration of the knowledge changes of rural women in regard to their education, further, indicated that there was a significant difference in knowledge changes as far as their education levels were concerned. The aim of these trainings is job creation in order to foster economic growth of rural areas. Unfortunately, there is, however, faint possibility for rural women to work in handicrafts industry due to limited funds and unprofitable small-scale production. To solve this problem, it is suggested that cooperative companies of rural women and those of carpet-making be set up in villages.  

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